Interventional radiology is a fringe discipline integrating medical imaging and clinical therapeutics, which has developed rapidly in recent years. It involves the diagnosis and treatment of almost all systemic diseases such as digestive, respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, urological and skeletal diseases. Under the guidance of imaging methods, it adopts percutaneous puncture and intubation, carries out angiography on patients, collects pathological, physiological, cytological and biochemical examination data, and carries out “non-surgical” methods of diagnosis and treatment of a variety of diseases, such as drug perfusion, vascular embolization or dilatation and shaping, and luminal drainage, etc. It is characterized by its simplicity, safety and reliability. It is characterized by simplicity, safety, effectiveness, minimally invasive and fewer complications. Many interventional methods have become the main therapeutic methods, and even replaced or eliminated the original surgical procedures. Interventional radiology is a product of the combination of clinical medicine and medical imaging. The development and popularization of interventional radiology has not only aroused great concern in the medical field and welcomed by many patients, but also greatly stimulated the interpenetration and mutual promotion of many disciplines, such as electronics, physics, chemistry, lasers, computers, biomedicine, etc., and continuously developed more instruments to meet the needs of the development of interventional radiology, and at the same time, it also makes the interventional radiology in the development of continuous improvement. Scope of interventional radiology: most scholars believe that interventional radiology is characterized by medical imaging-guided catheter diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, and it is divided into two categories of vascular interventional radiology and non-vascular interventional radiology: (1) vascular interventional radiology: vascular diseases: including percutaneous intraluminal angioplasty, vascular stenting, atrial septal dissection, cardiac valvuloplasty, thrombolytic therapy, non thrombotic ischemia, bleeding control (acute and chronic trauma, postpartum, inflammation, varicose veins, etc.), embolization of arterial catheterization, vascular malformation, and embolization of arteriovenous fistulae and hemangiomas, inferior vena cava filters, TIPSS, vascular reconstruction, a variety of angiographic diagnostics, diagnostic venous blood sampling, and so on. Oncological diseases: including tumor blood supply embolization and drug infusion, intra-arterial irradiation, prevention of radiation damage, chemotherapy, preoperative embolization of tumor vessels, infusion of vasoactive drugs and alcohol. Other aspects: including the treatment of hypersplenism and hormonal imbalance. (2) Percutaneous biopsy: chest: including masses or pathological tissues of lung, intracardiac, pleura, mediastinum and chest wall. Abdomen: including intra-abdominal masses, liver (transabdominal or transcervical). Retroperitoneal mass, pancreas, lymph nodes, kidneys, adrenal glands. Musculoskeletal: includes bones of the extremities, head, spine, ribs, chest, and soft tissue masses. Others: including thyroid, breast, and orbital. (3) Suction and drainage abscesses: including lungs, liver, abdomen (subseptal or subhepatic), and retroperitoneum. Xiang Xiang: including kidney, liver, pancreatic pseudo-angioma, breast, thyroid gland. Biliary drainage. Nephrostomy. (4) Other lithotripsy: including urinary tract and biliary tract to remove foreign bodies. Endoluminal treatment: including renal abscess, hepatic abscess, bone abscess, eosinophilic granuloma, abscess. Brushing: including lung, urinary tract, biliary tract, gastrointestinal tract. Pressure revision for intestinal torsion. Pressure rectification of intestinal intussusception. In short, all the diagnostic imaging equipment under the guidance of percutaneous catheterization techniques, as well as percutaneous puncture or intubation after the injection of contrast medium for diagnosis of the technology should be in the category of interventional radiology. Due to the wide scope of interventional radiology, new instruments and interventional methods are constantly being produced, and there are different classifications according to the development of different instruments and disciplines. A Brief History of Interventional Radiology Like other disciplines, the development of interventional radiology has gone through a long process of exploration. Today, the technology of interventional radiology is improving day by day, and has attracted widespread attention in the world medical community, setting off a wave of research and application. The scope of interventional radiology is constantly expanding. Because of its minimally invasive and effective characteristics, many institutions at home and abroad have set up interventional radiology or interventional therapy departments to make the work more convenient, and interventional therapy has become the routine diagnosis and treatment of some diseases, and even replaced surgery.