Surgical treatment of precardiac disease not only has certain indications, but also needs to pay attention to the timing of surgery, for example, in early atrial septal defects, surgery should be performed at an elective stage after the diagnosis is clear. Because the natural course of atrial septal defect turns around 30-40 years old, the patient can develop pulmonary hypertension with age, and if cyanosis appears, it is listed as a contraindication to surgery. Therefore, the timing of surgery is the key to its success. It has been recognized that the treatment of prediabetes in adulthood is less favorable than in childhood because of more complications, slower recovery and higher mortality. At present, precordial disease is generally divided into two types clinically, one is divided into two categories with or without cyanotic symptoms, namely cyanotic and non-cyanotic, which is now used sparingly; the other is divided into three categories by hemodynamics combined with pathological anatomy and pathology: 1. Left-to-right shunt. That is, arterial blood flow from the left cardiac system goes to the right cardiac system through an abnormal channel. Such patients have high blood oxygenation and may not develop cyanosis. Common diseases with left-to-right shunts include patent ductus arteriosus, atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, and ruptured aortic sinus aneurysm, which account for about 70% of precordial diseases and should generally be treated with early elective surgery. According to statistics, more than 50% of patients with precordial disease belong to ventricular septal defect, if the defect is not large, about 1/2 of them can heal by themselves before 8 years old, for this kind of patients, doctors usually do not encourage surgery, and should observe until 5 or 6 years old, and then decide whether to operate depending on the severity of the disease. 2. Right-to-left shunt category. In addition to the defect between the left and right heart systems, these patients also have obstruction of the right heart outlet, which causes the venous blood to flow into the arteries, and the mixture of venous and arterial blood reduces the blood oxygen content, and cyanosis may appear. Common diseases with right-to-left shunts include tetralogy of Fallot, tetralogy of Fallot, and tricuspid inferior valve malformation. They account for approximately 15.5% of cases. The majority of newborns with cyanosis at birth have complete transposition of the great arteries and tetralogy of Fallot. In general, the tetralogy of Fallot appears 2 to 3 months after birth, when vomiting or crying, and the skin shows cyanosis after 6 months, and pestle-like fingers (toes) may appear with age and development of the disease. At present, the success rate of surgery for tetralogy of Fallot in China has reached 97%. 3.No shunt class. There is no defect between the left and right systems of this type of pathology, but mainly the blood flow discharged from the heart is obstructed. Common diseases without shunt include pulmonary stenosis, aortic constriction, etc., accounting for about 14.5% . All of these bypassed precordial diseases can be surgically corrected. In addition, some difficult and complex malformations, such as double outlet of the right heart, single ventricle, triple atrium heart, and tricuspid valve inferior displacement malformation, can also be corrected through the development of corrective surgery.