1.How is the body mass index (BMI) calculated? Body mass index (Bodymassindex [BMI] = weight [kg]/height [m]2) 2, China’s obese patients weight loss surgery indications? Indications for surgery for obese patients in China: (1) Confirm the emergence of metabolic disorder syndrome associated with obesity and predict that weight loss can be effectively treated. Such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, fatty liver, lipid metabolism disorders, sleep apnea syndrome, etc. (2) Waist circumference:≥90cm for men and ≥80cm for women. dyslipidemia. (3)Stable or stable weight gain for more than 5 consecutive years. (4)16 to 65 years old. (5)Poor efficacy or intolerance of conservative treatment after more than 1 course of non-surgical treatment. (6) No ethanol or drug dependence and severe mental and intellectual impairment. (7) Patients understand the surgical procedure of bariatric surgery, understand and accept the risk of potential complications of surgery; understand the importance of postoperative lifestyle and dietary changes to postoperative recovery, and have the ability to tolerate them, and can actively cooperate with postoperative follow-up. Those who have one of the above (1) to (3) and also have (4) to (7) can be considered for surgical treatment. 3.What is the incidence of obesity and its comorbidities? Due to the rapid increase in the incidence of obesity, it has caused the growth of metabolic diseases and the change of disease spectrum. Obesity not only seriously affects people’s health and quality of life, but also can cause hypertension (obese incidence of 25 to 55%), diabetes (obese incidence of 14 to 20%), coronary heart disease (obese incidence of 10 to 15%), hyperlipidemia (obese incidence of 35 to 53%), sleep apnea (obese incidence of 10 to 20%), depression (obese incidence of 70 to 90%). (incidence rate of 70-90%), etc., and others include tumors, infertility, stones and other diseases directly related to life expectancy and quality of life. Especially when obesity reaches morbid obesity (BMI over 40), the mortality rate will show a sharp increase curve. The only way to reverse this curve is to reduce weight rapidly and effectively. 4.The necessity of multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment obesity mode? For patients with severe obesity, especially those with more comorbidities, multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment mode is especially needed. The multidisciplinary treatment team of Peking Union Medical College Hospital includes: gastrointestinal surgery, endocrinology, nutrition, cardiology, respiration, anesthesia, ICU, obstetrics and gynecology, psychological medicine, plastic surgery, orthopedics, gastroenterology and radiology, etc., and adopts the following forms: (1) multidisciplinary expert joint outpatient clinic: for outpatients, a green treatment channel is adopted and relevant multidisciplinary specialists have joint outpatient clinics to avoid disadvantages such as repeated registration of patients, inconsistent treatment opinions and lack of continuity. (2) Multidisciplinary consultation and discussion: For inpatients or surgical patients, the most reasonable treatment process and treatment plan is formulated through multidisciplinary consultation and discussion. (3) Multidisciplinary follow-up and education: Patients should have long-term follow-up, regular review and education after surgery. (4) Convene multidisciplinary related seminars, where members of multidisciplinary departments exchange experiences and academic discussions. The modern multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment advantages of Peking Union Medical College Hospital will play an increasingly important role in improving the treatment effect and medical service level of obesity and promoting the improvement of academic level of the discipline. 5.Is adjustable gastric band surgery a mature surgical technique? As this type of surgery patients can be completely recovered, the surgery is simple, safe and reliable, especially in line with China’s national conditions, especially suitable for young patients, and can be safely and effectively adjusted during growth and development and specific physiological periods (such as pregnancy). 6.What are the common complications of adjustable gastric banding surgery? (1) Nausea and vomiting are the most common complications in the first year after surgery. Nausea and vomiting in the immediate postoperative period are usually caused by reaction to anesthetic drugs, tight banding, postoperative edema of the gastric wall or improper placement of the band, etc. In the later period, they are often caused by patients eating too fast and excessive water injection into the gastric band. Incisional infection: obese patients have thicker abdominal fat, and the surgery is easy to form fat liquefaction necrosis and local infection foci, and at the same time, because patients are mostly combined with diabetes, it is easy to cause secondary infection. Can take preventive use of antimicrobial, subcutaneous as little as possible to use electric knife, postoperative strict control of blood sugar and other measures to reduce the incidence of incisional infection. 7.How is the weight reduction effect of adjustable gastric banding surgery? The weight loss can be 30% to 40% of the overweight part 1 year after surgery, 50% 2 years after surgery, and 50% to 60% 3 years after surgery, reducing the preoperative BMI by 25%. The first water injection can be started 1 month after surgery, and thereafter the total water injection is decided according to the weight loss. The more satisfactory weight loss index is 0.5 to 1.0 kg per week. 8. What is the status of gastric bypass surgery and common complications The most common complications include nutritional deficiencies: such as micronutrient and vitamin deficiencies, iron deficiency, anemia, hypokalemia, etc. Patients need lifelong oral medication to supplement the above elements to avoid such complications. Other complications include gastrointestinal fistula, anastomotic stricture, dumping syndrome, intestinal obstruction, etc. And patients have a lot of structural changes in the digestive tract after surgery, which cannot be fully recovered. 9.Is liposuction a kind of weight reduction surgery? Recent studies have shown that the use of liposuction surgery to directly extract up to 10 kg of fat does not improve the various health risks caused by obesity, so liposuction surgery can never be used as a weight reduction surgery, but only as a local slimming cosmetic surgery. 10.Bariatric surgery before, during and after surgery, why is it important to get the support of family members? Many spouses, family members and friends of severely obese patients will prevent them from having bariatric surgery. You need to discuss with them your reasons for choosing bariatric surgery and tell them that your health is being threatened and you need their support, both during surgery and in life after surgery. There are support groups that you can join through the internet where you can share each other’s experiences with patients in the same situation. It is very helpful to ask questions and listen to the advice of others in such an environment. 11.When can I be discharged from the hospital after adjustable gastric banding surgery? If patients do not have other serious obesity-related comorbidities, they can take enough water and nutrients by mouth after surgery, and there is no fever or special discomfort, they can be discharged about three days after surgery. 12.What does the post-surgical guidance of adjustable gastric band include? After the adjustable gastric band surgery, at least four outpatient follow-up visits should be conducted in the first year after the surgery in order to improve the results, and more follow-up visits by phone or other means should be conducted according to the patient’s condition. The gastric band should be adjusted according to the weight loss status. The first adjustment is usually done one month after the surgery. The main purpose of postoperative follow-up is to find out how the patient has lost weight, whether any surgical complications have occurred, and whether there are any nutrient, vitamin and mineral deficiencies, so that appropriate tests can be done and treatment plans can be adjusted in a timely manner as needed, and if necessary, necessary psychological counseling. Dietetic guidance in the nutrition department is also a crucial part of ensuring the effectiveness of surgical treatment and avoiding long-term complications. The aim is to form new eating habits to promote weight loss, and to ensure healthy weight loss by drinking adequate amounts of fluids, eating sufficient protein, and supplementing with essential vitamins and minerals.