Cervical erosion can be either physiological or pathological changes. Physiological changes are most often seen in adolescent and fertile women who have a high level of estrogen secretion, which leads to an outward migration of the cervical columnar epithelium, causing a red granular change on the otherwise smooth surface of the cervix. This red granular change resembles the phenomenon of celiac disease. After menopause, this phenomenon will disappear on its own, because after menopause, the estrogen in the body drops significantly, and the displaced columnar epithelium moves back into the cervical canal, and the surface of the cervix becomes smooth again. Therefore, physiological “cervical erosion” is related to the estrogen in the body and does not need to be treated in clinical practice. However, chronic cervicitis, cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions, and even early cervical cancer can also manifest as cervical erosion-like changes, so cervical cytology and/or HPV testing should be performed for those with cervical erosion-like changes, and colposcopy and tissue biopsy should be performed if necessary to exclude cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions or cervical cancer.