I. What is anal fistula
Anal fistula is a common anal disease, second only to hemorrhoids in incidence, mostly seen in male young adults, anal fistula is an infected tube that connects the anal rectum to the skin around the anus, also known as “anorectal fistula”. The inner mouth is often located near the tooth line and the outer mouth is located on the perianal skin, and the fistula does not heal for many years. Most of them are formed by anorectal abscesses after breaking or incision and drainage of pus. The abscess gradually shrinks, but the intestinal contents continue to enter the abscess cavity, in the process of healing and shrinking, often forming a tortuous lumen, poor drainage is not easy to heal, after a long time there are many scar tissue around the lumen, forming a chronic infectious pipeline.
Second, the symptoms of anal fistula
The main symptom is the constant outward flow of pus and blood from the sores on the skin around the anus, just like a broken house often leaking water, so our ancestors named this disease “fistula”. The experts concluded that fistula attacks generally have the following symptoms.
1. Pus discharge.
The main symptom of an anal fistula is the discharge of pus. In general, new fistulas have more pus, which is thick, yellow and smelly; fistulas that have been around for a long time have relatively little pus, or sometimes none, and are as thin as water; if the amount of pus increases, a new fistula is created. The fistula sometimes closes temporarily and does not discharge pus, resulting in localized swelling and pain and a rise in body temperature, and later the closed fistula breaks down and discharges pus again, or gas or feces can be discharged from the fistula.
2. Pain.
When the fistula is open without inflammation, there is generally no pain, only a slight local swelling of the anus, which can be aggravated by walking, and if the external opening is closed, the fistula accumulates pus, or feces enters the fistula, the pain will increase or the pain will increase when defecating, while the internal blind fistula often feels burning discomfort in the lower rectum and anus, and the pain increases when defecating.
3. Itching.
Due to the constant stimulation of the perianal skin by pus, itching is often felt, with perianal dampness and discomfort, skin discoloration, epidermal peeling, fibrous tissue proliferation and thickening, sometimes forming eczema.
4, poor defecation.
Complex anal fistula mouth for a long time without healing can cause the formation of large fibrotic scar or ring-like strips around the anorectum, which affects the diastole and closure of the anus and makes it difficult to defecate with the feeling of incomplete stool.
5. Systemic symptoms.
During the acute inflammation period and repeated attacks of complex anal fistula, fever of different degrees, or long-term chronic wasting symptoms such as emaciation, anemia and weakness may appear.
The danger of anal fistula
The first thing you need to do is to get a good idea of what you are getting into.
The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who are not able to get a good deal on a lot of things. The actual fact is that you can find a lot of people who are not able to get a good deal on a lot of things.
The first thing you need to do is to get a good idea of what you want to do.
3, the multiplicity of anal fistula, can form a rectovaginal fistula, rectal urethral fistula and rectal bladder fistula, endangering the surrounding organs, and years of untreated or mistreated old anal fistula has the possibility of cancer.
The first thing you need to do is to get a good idea of what you are getting into. In addition, if it is not healed for many years (meaning not completely cured), the possibility of cancer will rise.
The fistula has very little chance of healing on its own in adults, and the pain and itching affects work and school, and the fistula can also make the body weak and thin over time, making it mentally weak, less resistant to disease, and even anemic.
The first thing you need to do is to get a good idea of what you are getting into.
Once the anal fistula is formed, there is no possibility of self-healing, mostly surgical treatment, this is because of.
1, the existence of the internal mouth, although the abscess broke or has been incised and drained, but the primary source of infection such as anal sinusitis, or anal gland infection still exists, the contents of the intestinal cavity can also continue to enter the fistula from the internal mouth.
2, the anal part can not be static, the pus cavity is not easy to bond, when defecation, urination, due to sphincter contraction or due to inflammation stimulation of the anal sphincter, so that the anal sphincter is often in spasm.
3, the intestinal cavity of the feces, intestinal fluid and gas continue to enter the fistula, stimulating the wall of the tube, so that the wall of the connective tissue hyperplasia thickened, the lumen is difficult to close.
4, poor drainage of the abscess cavity, or narrowing of the external mouth, sometimes closed and sometimes collapsed, pus accumulation in the cavity, resulting in abscess recurrence and penetration and the formation of new branches or fistulas.
5.The tube passes through the anal sphincter at different heights, and the contraction of the sphincter hinders the discharge of pus, resulting in poor drainage.