Paranal abscesses are common emergencies in the anus, usually presenting with swelling, pus flow, even fever, and in severe cases, urinary retention, and surgery is the only effective treatment for paranal abscesses, but the incidence of fistula after paranal abscess surgery can reach about 50%, and for deep paranal abscesses the possibility of fistula can reach 80%, and many people have to undergo another surgery; in order to reduce the incidence of fistula after paranal abscess surgery In order to reduce the rate of fistula formation after paranal abscess surgery, some surgeons perform the so-called “radical paranal abscess surgery” by cutting and hanging the fistula and its adjacent sphincter at the same time as paranal abscess incision and drainage, but the risk of postoperative anal incontinence increases significantly because the anal sphincter is edematous during the acute inflammatory phase of paranal abscess. The risk of postoperative anal incontinence increases significantly, and some people even suffer from permanent anal incontinence, which seriously affects the quality of life. Professor Jin Heiying of Peking University International Hospital designed the “three-gap drainage surgery” based on his many years of clinical experience and systematic analysis of the mechanism of paranal abscesses. This procedure can cure the paranal abscess and reduce the occurrence of anal fistula without damaging the sphincter muscle. After 4 years of research by Prof. Jin Heiying’s research group, 88% of the patients did not develop anal fistula and none of them developed anal incontinence after “triple interstitial drainage”, while the rate of anal fistula formation in the control group reached 45%, indicating that “triple interstitial drainage” significantly reduced the incidence of anal fistula after paranal abscess surgery. The rate of anal fistula formation after paranal abscess surgery was significantly reduced by “three-gap drainage”, while the rate of anal fistula in patients who underwent suspected fistulotomy or incision and hanging was comparable to that of “three-gap drainage”, but about 30% had mild to moderate anal incontinence, and 6% had severe anal incontinence, which affected the patients’ life treatment.