Pinworms, also known as threadworms and buttworms, are the scientific name for worm-dwelling intestinal nematodes and are one of the most common nematode infections. The adult pinworm is about 1-2 cm long and resembles a thin white thread, which gives it its nickname. Because pinworms are often found on the perianal skin, they can cause perianal itching, and children often scratch their bottoms as a result, hence the nickname “buttworm. Humans are the only natural hosts for pinworms, and adult pinworms live mainly in the human digestive tract, cecum, appendix, and colon. The adult female worm that has been conceived migrates through the patient’s flaccid anus at night and lays her eggs in the perianal area. After laying eggs, the adult female basically dies, and the worm and eggs irritate the perianal mucosa, causing itching in the perianal area. After the eggs enter the digestive tract, they hatch into larvae in the small intestine and a new cycle begins again, from eggs to adults in about a month. Pinworm eggs generally develop into infective eggs in about 4-6 hours, and lose their infectivity after 1-2 days in a warm, dry environment, while in a cold, humid environment, the infectivity can reach more than two weeks, which means that the infective eggs can remain infective for a longer period of time in contaminated clothing, bedding, and even on the surface of objects such as carpets, which is an important factor in the occurrence of human-to-human transmission of pinworms in homes and childcare institutions. This is an important factor in the transmission of pinworms from person to person in homes and childcare facilities.