Cross-sectional studies have been conducted to show that poor oral hygiene, history of periodontitis, smoking and history of diabetes are risk factors for peri-implantitis. Patient maintenance of oral hygiene is very important for the long-term success of the implant. If bacterial classes accumulate on the surface of the dental implant restoration, it can cause mucosal inflammation, mucosal congestion, redness, swelling and pus overflow, which, if not relieved, will lead to bone resorption, and one study reported that the risk of peri-implant disease is 13 times higher in patients with poor oral hygiene than in patients with good oral hygiene. Patients with periodontitis have an increased risk of peri-implant disease, and patients who have lost teeth due to periodontitis and have implant restorations have a higher risk of implant failure than patients who have lost teeth for other reasons. Patients with a history of periodontitis treatment had a 10% failure rate after 10 years, compared to a 4% failure rate for patients with non-periodontitis related tooth loss. According to the third China Flow Survey, the oral hygiene of the Chinese population is poor, with 93% of the population requiring cleaning and a high prevalence of periodontal disease, 97.3% in the age group of 65-74 years old and 99.4% in the age group of 65-74 years old. The risk of dental implant failure may be higher in a national environment with poor oral hygiene, but few studies have been reported on the incidence, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of peri-implant disease in the Chinese population. Implant patients who smoked had higher bacterial class index, probing pocket depth, probing bleeding, soft tissue inflammation, and bone resorption than nonsmokers. Poorly controlled blood glucose diabetes and peri-implantitis are closely related, with the incidence of implant mucositis and peri-implantitis in diabetic patients being 64.6% and 8.9%, respectively. The individual immune response to infection plays a role in bone resorption, and some patients overreact to infection by producing excessive amounts of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6) or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), leading to excessive tissue destruction. Elevated levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β in the peri-implant gingival sulcus fluid may indicate active disease. Identification of genes that control or regulate the host response could provide a way to evaluate the risk of peri-implant infection, but this aspect is still poorly understood. In addition, risk factors associated with peri-implant disease include: osteoporosis, poor night grinding habits, etc. Local risk factors also include: implant surface morphology (roughness), implant neck design, keratinized gingival width, etc.