If there is a lump between the anus and the pubic area, and if there is localized pressure and pain, or even redness, swelling, heat and pain, the first consideration is perianal abscess. Perianal abscess is a purulent inflammation around the anal canal and rectum caused by the infection of anal glands, and it can be cured by surgical treatment. It is possible to perform a one-time radical treatment of abscess, first incision and drainage, the second phase of the formation of anal fistula, and then the second surgery. In addition, it may also be a perianal sebaceous cyst, lipoma, fibroid or anal fistula, and the treatment varies. When a patient presents with a lump between the anus and the pubic area, he or she should go to the hospital in time to get a clear diagnosis of the disease and then take the appropriate treatment.