Everyone has two vestibular nerves, one from the left ear and one from the right ear. To send signals to the brain, the two nerves must “work” together. When the signal from one of these nerves is interrupted, it immediately causes symptoms such as vertigo, dizziness, imbalance, vomiting and nausea. This condition can last for hours or even days until the brain finishes reinterpreting the signals and then disappears. When the system cannot “reset” on its own, vestibular rehabilitation can help teach the system how to readjust and return to normal function. Vestibular rehabilitation (or vestibular rehabilitation) is a special treatment for patients with vestibular impairment that uses non-pharmacological, non-invasive, highly specialized training methods that are different from those used for generalized exercise, substitution rehabilitation (rehabilitation for bilateral vestibular impairment), visual conflict rehabilitation (rehabilitation for vertigo, dizziness and instability caused by conflict of visual information with other sensory information) and fall prevention rehabilitation (rehabilitation for those at risk of falling). With vestibular rehabilitation, it is expected that patients will achieve a state in which vertigo and balance disturbances, spontaneous nystagmus and tilting disappear. Personalized training allows for a targeted training program to be proposed based on the patient’s diagnosis or functional deficits, and the condition is evaluated periodically during the course of treatment, with adjustments and modifications made accordingly at any time. Individualized training methods include: Adaptive exercises that improve vestibulo-ocular reflex gain and are closely related to the improvement of the patient’s subjective symptoms. Method Place the object 25 cm in front of the nose, gaze at the object while turning the head, try to maintain visual clarity, gradually increase the speed of turning the head, repeat 15-20 times, and repeat 2-3 times a day. Alternative exercises can increase gaze stability and control of posture and gait, including visual stimulation exercises and proprioceptive exercises. Based on the fact that altering or removing certain sensations will prompt the patient to use the remaining sensations, methods such as: having the patient practice with or without a visual perspective, or having them stand on a foam material to alter proprioception can be used. Habituation exercises The occurrence of vestibular habituation can be facilitated by selecting exercises that stimulate symptoms with an intensity that elicits mild to moderate symptoms, training for 5-15 minutes, and repeating 2-3 times daily. If the symptoms do not improve or the vertigo disappears after a certain period of time, stop this exercise. Depending on the symptoms, there are many ways to practice the exercise, such as Brandt-Daroff practice exercise: the patient quickly lie down to the affected side, hold for 30 seconds after the vertigo disappears, then sit up and wait for the vertigo to disappear; the patient repeat the above exercise to the opposite side, stay for 30 seconds, sit up. Repeat 10-20 times, 2-3 times a day. Treatment can be stopped if no vertigo appears for 2 days. Balance and gait exercises Improve static and dynamic postural control as well as walking, including static exercises and dynamic exercises to identify postural instability. Train for 5-15 minutes daily, repeating 3 times a day, gradually increasing the difficulty. Patients can be allowed to move from sitting to standing with eyes open and closed, adapt and turn around. Maintenance exercises can stabilize and consolidate the effect of rehabilitation training, including balance and gait exercises of mild and moderate difficulty, as well as visual and proprioceptive substitution exercises. Factors influencing vestibular rehabilitation: ① The degree of reduced activity due to secondary injury (muscular or skeletal injury), bed rest, fear, anxiety or other factors. (2) Other practice (performed under the direction of a physician/rehabilitationist) versus self-practice (performed at home as prescribed by a physician/rehabilitationist). ③Active practice (patient performs rehabilitation training) or passive practice (rehabilitation training with equipment). ④Intensity of rehabilitation training: duration, speed of movement, angle of movement, etc. ⑤ The degree of patient understanding and active and positive participation. It is believed that following certain principles and using different rehabilitation training methods as above to improve the patient’s stability and imbalance as much as possible will enable the patient to return to normal life.