The superficial veins of the upper limbs mainly include the main veins such as the cephalic vein, the vital vein and the median elbow vein, as well as the superficial venous network. The superficial venous network is mainly found in the hands, where there is a network of superficial veins on the dorsum of the hand and the palm of the hand. The superficial venous network gradually converges to form the cephalic vein and the vital vein. The cephalic vein is mainly on the medial side of the upper arm and the vital vein is mainly on the lateral side of the upper arm. The cephalic and vital veins are the most important blood vessels in the upper arm, collecting venous blood from the superficial tissues of the upper arm, and are the veins of choice for venipuncture and vein manipulation. The cephalic and vital veins run up the medial and lateral sides of the arm, respectively, and eventually inject into the deep veins. The median elbow vein connects the cephalic and vital veins at the elbow socket. In addition to this, some patients may have variations of the veins, such as the development of larger additional vein trunks, such as the paracapillary vein and the forearm vein.