Patients who have had radiofrequency ablation surgery and experience pain in the lumbar spine after the procedure may be related to the procedure, but it may also be related to other factors. For example, patients may experience pain due to postoperative inflammatory reactions, wound infections, or their own more severe lesions. The specific etiology is as follows: 1. inflammatory reaction. Performing this type of treatment on this group of patients will itself cause damage to some structures in the body, such as the protruding nucleus pulposus, and thus may induce a mild inflammatory reaction, which in turn leads to postoperative pain. However, this will be relieved quickly. 2. Wound infection. Some patients contaminate the wound site after surgery, which may cause localized infection and subsequent pain. 3. Excessive lesions. Some patients with particularly severe herniated discs are not able to obtain complete relief after such treatment and may experience a short-term increase in the inflammatory response. This can lead to persistent pain. It is recommended that patients return to their orthopedic or spine surgeon for a follow-up appointment to identify the cause of the pain as soon as possible, and then to address it.