No antibiotic treatment is needed In daily life, many middle-aged and elderly people go to the hospital because of joint pain, and the X-ray film shows “degenerative degeneration of knee joint osteophytes”, and the doctor diagnoses “osteoarthritis” after examination, so they take it for granted that the joint is inflamed. So they assume that the joint is inflamed. In fact, osteoarthritis is not a joint inflammation in the conventional sense, but a degenerative disease that manifests itself as a limited, progressive degeneration and exfoliation of the articular cartilage and the formation of osteophytes and bone fragments in the subchondral bone and joint edges. Therefore, osteoarthritis does not require antibiotic treatment, but rather aims to relieve painful symptoms and slow down cartilage degeneration. Some patients stay at home all day, even in bed, when they hear that osteoarthritis requires less activity and weight bearing. In fact, this is not necessary. There is a layer of clear cartilage on the surface of the bone ends in contact with each other in the joint, which is smooth and flexible and protects the bones and joints from damage. There are no blood vessels in the cartilage, and its nutrients need to be drawn from the joint fluid. When the joint moves, the cartilage compresses and relaxes against each other, so it can absorb nutrients and discharge waste like a sponge. If the joints are inactive for a long time, the cartilage cannot be effectively nourished, and degeneration and destruction will occur; however, inappropriate and excessive exercise will cause overload on the joints, resulting in damage to the articular cartilage. Therefore, lifestyle modification and proper exercise are beneficial for patients with early osteoarthritis, and pain and discomfort can be significantly improved or even disappear without medication. It is not possible to grind away the bone spurs. Other patients take it for granted that the bone flab in the knee joint can be ground away by increasing joint activity, so they climb hills or stairs for exercise, but as a result, the bone flab not only fails to be ground away, but grows more and more. This is a compensatory response to osteoarthritis and can play a role in stabilizing the joint to a certain extent. However, the excessive proliferation of the bone superfluous causes pain to the surrounding tissues and severely limits the mobility of the joint. It is difficult to disappear after the bone growth, and it is impossible to “wear out” the bone spur. The best recommended exercise is swimming, which not only involves the muscles and joints of the whole body, but also reduces the impact and wear on the joints by the buoyancy of the water. Other non-weight-bearing or less weight-bearing exercises are also possible, such as brisk walking, cycling, etc. The amount of activity is appropriate for physical and mental comfort and slight sweating; repeated flexion and extension of the knee joint under weight should be avoided as much as possible, such as mountain climbing, stair climbing, squatting, tai chi and lifting heavy objects. Surgery is also needed in the middle and late stages of osteoarthritis. In addition to lifestyle changes and proper exercise, it is important to follow the guidance of a medical professional. Although medicine has not yet advanced to the point of curing or reversing osteoarthritis, reasonable therapeutic interventions can effectively relieve symptoms and repair damaged cartilage to some extent. The overall treatment of osteoarthritis can be divided into conservative treatment and surgical treatment. In the early stage, conservative treatment is mainly based on the use of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs, cartilage nutrients, or intra-articular injections of sodium hyaluronate, together with external application of traditional Chinese medicine and physical therapy. In the middle and late stages, surgical treatment is required depending on the condition and needs, including minimally invasive arthroscopic debridement, cartilage repair surgery, high tibial osteotomy, and ultimately, artificial joint replacement, which replaces worn out cartilage with artificial material to obtain a pain-free knee joint.