Azoospermia can be caused by conditions such as hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, blocked vas deferens, and intratesticular obstruction. The latest treatments include medication, surgery and assisted reproductive technology. 1. Drug treatment: For azoospermia caused by hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, a combination of human chorionic gonadotropin and human postmenopausal urogenital gonadotropin is commonly used in clinical practice. The drugs should be applied under the guidance of doctors. 2. Surgery: Surgery is mainly for obstructive azoospermia, through surgical intervention to repair and re-open the blocked ducts. 3. Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART): This includes intracytoplasmic monosperm injection (ICSI) and artificial insemination (AI). For patients with intratesticular obstruction, etc., where surgical intervention is not feasible, or where postoperative efficacy is unsatisfactory, ICSI can be used. The latter is a technique whereby sperms are delivered non-coitally into the female reproductive tract to allow for natural fertilization of the egg and sperms to achieve a pregnancy. There are many other causes of azoospermia, so it is recommended that patients seek timely medical examination, and it is recommended that a treatment plan be determined under the guidance of a physician.