During the perioperative period of heart valve replacement, it is necessary to pay attention to the adjustment of physiological and psychological state, correction of abnormal disease state, adjustment of diet and daily routine, and regular review. 1. Physiological and psychological adjustment (1) Physiological adjustments: Because of the need to implant artifacts, antibiotics such as penicillin can be used as appropriate to prevent infections, it is recommended to wash the skin of the surgical area with soap and water before the operation, and movable dentures should be removed. (2) Psychological adjustment: It is recommended that family members give more care and encouragement to avoid anxiety and fear and other bad psychology, and consult the attending physician for any questions. (2) Correct abnormal disease states: water, electrolyte and acid-base balance disorders and anemia should be corrected as much as possible before surgery, and hypertensive patients should have their blood pressure and glucose controlled at a reasonable level before surgery. 3. Adjustment of diet and daily routine (1) Pre-operative: including the exercise of urination and defecation in bed, those who have smoking habit should stop smoking at least 2 weeks before the operation, and those who need to fast and abstain from food and water before the operation. (2) Postoperative: After surgery, it is recommended to quit smoking, pay attention to rest, avoid strenuous exercise, improve diet and eating habits to avoid high salt and high fat diet, control weight within a reasonable range, pay attention to maintaining oral hygiene, pay attention to ventilation in the residence, and carry out rehabilitation exercises under the guidance of the doctor to improve immunity and prevent colds. 4. Regular checkups: After the surgery, you should follow the doctor’s instructions to check the valve function and heart function regularly. The above mentioned rehabilitation exercises and other precautions need to be completed under the guidance of the clinician, and it is recommended to actively cooperate with the physician’s guidance.