1, bacteria from the body surface of the breast during lactation enter the ducts of the breast to infect and multiply leading to a series of inflammatory reactions. 2, the most common causative agent of mastitis is Staphylococcus aureus, followed by Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus, and Escherichia coli. 3, lactose-rich milk stagnation in the mammary gland is the ideal environment for bacterial growth. 4. Bacteria enter the mammary gland through the opening of the milk ducts in the nipple and multiply in the stagnant milk. 5. Skin rupture or ulceration on the nipple surface significantly increases the chance of mastitis. 6, mastitis mainly manifests as localized skin redness, high skin temperature, swelling and pain in the breast, palpable lumps in the breast, rapid onset and short duration of the disease. 7, mastitis treatment is based on anti-infection treatment, the antibiotics that can be used are mainly penicillins and cephalosporins, they have no obvious damage to the baby. 8, local inflammatory lumps of massage is also needed to disperse the local stagnant milk and the lumps formed due to infection can speed up the recovery of mastitis. You can massage the lumps yourself along the periphery towards the nipple, or you can ask a professional lactationist to help. The actual mastitis is a very good idea to continue breastfeeding. On the one hand, the bacteria that cause mastitis and the penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics used are harmless to the baby, and on the other hand, continuing to breastfeed can reduce the further accumulation of milk and reduce the pressure in the mammary gland, which is beneficial to the recovery of mastitis. 10. Prevention of mastitis: take turns and breastfeed regularly on both sides of the left and right mammary glands, strive to empty one at a time, and if not, suck out with a breast pump to avoid milk stagnation as much as possible. Keep the surfaces around the mammary glands clean, wash them with water several times a day, before and after breastfeeding. Try to avoid squeezing the mammary glands, avoid trauma, and reduce the chance of skin breakdown on the nipple surface. 11, if there is local redness, swelling, heat, pain, touching the lumps in the breast and other manifestations of mastitis to seek medical attention and timely treatment, try to avoid the progression of mastitis to breast abscess. 12, mastitis without timely and effective treatment can soon progress to breast abscess. In addition to anti-infection treatment, abscess incision and drainage is the most effective treatment for breast abscess. Some doctors advocate repeated aspiration and flushing of the abscess, but my personal experience is that this approach is not ideal. 13. Try to continue breastfeeding after incision and drainage of a breast abscess under local anesthesia, there is no need to return to breastfeeding, continuing to breastfeed is not harmful to the baby and is conducive to recovery.