Limited scleroderma, also known as scleroderma, is a skin disease with limited skin swelling and progressive sclerosis and atrophy. It occurs on the scalp, forehead, waist and abdomen, and extremities. The lesions start as light red, slightly edematous rashes of varying sizes, single or multiple. Later, they gradually harden and become yellowish or yellowish white. The surface is smooth and shiny like wax, slightly concave in the center, with hair loss, reduced sweating, dilated surrounding capillaries, and purplish red or deepened pigmentation. In the advanced stage, the skin is atrophic and hypopigmented. The shape of the lesions varies, and there are four types of lesions: patchy, banded, punctate, and generalized, of which patchy is the most common. The disease generally has no conscious symptoms, some of them may appear mild pruritus or tingling sensation, gradually dulled perception, no obvious systemic symptoms, limited scleroderma generally does not invade internal organs. So far, the cause and mechanism of scleroderma is not obvious, after years of research experience concluded that the occurrence of scleroderma may be related to these factors: 1, academic products and drugs: such as polyvinyl chloride, organic solvents, silicon, silicon dioxide, epoxy resin, L tryptophan, bleomycin, pentazocine, etc. can induce scleroderma. 2, the role of cytokines: certain cytokines involved in the development of scleroderma, such as transforming growth factor, epidermal cell growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, etc. 3, immune abnormalities: scleroderma exists humoral immunity and cellular immunity abnormalities, and specific anti-Scl-70 autoantibodies can be detected in the patient’s serum. This indicates that the occurrence of the disease is closely related to immune disorders. 4, abnormal connective tissue metabolism: the characteristic change of this disease is excessive collagen production and a significant increase in collagen content in the skin. Therefore, abnormal connective tissue metabolism may also be the cause of scleroderma. 5, vascular abnormalities: most patients with scleroderma show Raynaud’s phenomenon, pathology shows that small arteries and microvascular intima thickening, lumen narrowing or occlusion. 6, genetic: compared with normal people, some patients have significantly higher expression of HLA-II class antigens. Therefore, heredity may also be the etiology of scleroderma.