Preventing complications Diabetes is a chronic disease that often does not cause much inconvenience to the patient as far as the disease itself is concerned, and many of them even develop unknowingly. Therefore, many patients do not take diabetes seriously even when they know they have it, and usually do not pay attention to the necessary checkups and proper treatment. In fact, the harm of diabetes to people is often an indirect manifestation, long-term poor blood sugar control will certainly cause the real harm of diabetes to the human body – acute and chronic complications of diabetes. Acute complications can be life-threatening in severe cases, and chronic complications can be disabling in severe cases. Therefore, it is too late to regret when diabetes complications occur. Acute complications of diabetes include diabetic ketoacidosis (common in type 1 diabetes), hyperosmolar non-ketotic diabetic coma (common in type 2 diabetes) and lactic acidosis, etc. Hypoglycemia is also one of the most common and serious acute complications. Lactic acidosis is a serious acute complication in type 2 diabetic patients taking high doses of biguanide hypoglycemic drugs, especially taking phenylephrine (hypoglycemia), with a low incidence, but a high morbidity and mortality rate once it occurs. After insulin was used in clinical practice, the number of patients who died from acute complications of diabetes such as ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar nonketotic diabetic coma decreased significantly. Chronic complications of diabetes include diabetic fundopathy, diabetic nephropathy, vascular neuropathy, diabetic foot and skin lesions. In addition, the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease and stroke is significantly higher in diabetic patients with poor blood glucose control. Chronic complications are an accumulative result of poor long-term control of patients’ blood glucose, and are the main cause of disability and reduced quality of life for diabetic patients in the future. Clinical studies have shown that patients who can effectively control their blood glucose for a long time will be able to stop or delay the occurrence and development of chronic complications.