Allergic rhinitis may be caused by contact with allergens, immune factors, genetic factors and so on.
1. Contact with allergens: patients inhale or ingest allergens (such as pollen, dust mites, feathers, seafood, etc.), leading to the release of various mediators such as histamine and the emergence of nasal congestion, itchy nose, sneezing, runny nose and other symptoms.
2. Immune factors: IgE-mediated type I allergic reaction. When an atopic individual is exposed to allergens for the first time, the body is stimulated to produce corresponding IgE antibodies, which attach to the surface of specific cells. When the individual is exposed to allergens again, the allergens bind to the specific cells mentioned above, causing the release of biologically active mediators, such as histamine and leukotrienes, which lead to the changes in the blood vessels, smooth muscles, and glands, resulting in the corresponding symptoms.
3. Genetic factors: parents or close relatives have allergic rhinitis, the probability of allergic rhinitis in offspring is higher, more and more scholars believe that allergic rhinitis is a kind of polygenic genetic predisposition disease.
Itchy nose, sneezing, runny nose and nasal congestion symptoms, it is recommended to consult a doctor in a timely manner, and actively cooperate with the doctor’s diagnosis and treatment.