The causes of enlarged longitudinal and transverse lymph nodes include infection, tumor, reactive hyperplasia, and abnormal cell proliferation and metabolism.
Longitudinal refers to the two diameters of the lymph nodes, i.e. transverse and longitudinal diameters, and the lymph node morphology is often determined by the longitudinal/transverse ratio. After lymph node enlargement, the lymph node longitudinal and transverse ratios are out of order, and the common causes include infection, tumor, reactive hyperplasia, abnormal cell proliferation metabolism and other conditions.
1. Infection: Lymph node enlargement may occur when bacteria and viruses invade the lymph nodes due to various reasons. Common pathogenic microorganisms include: bacteria, viruses, rickettsiae, and so on.
2. Tumor: common lymphoma, multiple myeloma, primary macroglobulinemia and other lesions. In addition, if the patient has metastasis of cancer cells, it may lead to metastasis after invading lymph nodes. For example, lung cancer, stomach cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer and so on.
3. Reactive hyperplasia: mainly seen in necrotizing hyperplastic lymphadenopathy, systemic lupus erythematosus rheumatism and other lesions, which is related to the abnormal function of autoimmune system.
4. Abnormal cell proliferation and metabolism: nodular disease, lipid deposition disease, etc., due to abnormal cell proliferation and metabolism, resulting in lymph node enlargement.
Therefore, for patients with enlarged lymph nodes found on examination, they should actively consult the doctor to clarify the final lesion and target treatment.