The pathogenesis of migraine is mainly divided into two categories, the basic causes and triggering factors, the basic causes include genetic factors, endocrine factors and nerve cell excitability disorders; triggering factors mainly include diet, drugs and other factors. 1. Basic etiology (1) Genetic factors: the study of family data of migraine shows that it has obvious family aggregation, and about 60% of patients have a family history of migraine. (2) Endocrine factors: the disease is more common in women, mostly starting in adolescence, with attacks during menstruation or premenstrual period, which can be gradually reduced or disappear after menopause. (3) Nerve cell excitability disorder: Clinical studies have shown that there is a class of nervous system excitability-related gene mutations associated with common types of migraine, suggesting that migraine is related to the excitability disorder of brain nerve cells. 2. Triggering factors (1) Diet: chocolate, alcohol, coffee, tea, carbonated beverages, monosodium glutamate (MSG), saccharin, pickled and smoked products, fermented foods, citrus fruits and so on. (2) Drugs: vasodilators such as nitroglycerin and oral contraceptives can induce migraine. (3) Other factors: sleep disorders, overwork, fasting, tension, emotional instability, and changes in weather or barometric pressure. There are more factors that cause migraine, and patients should be treated promptly if they are diagnosed with migraine.