Many people with schizophrenia are discharged from the hospital but refuse to admit they have the disease or take their medication and review it. Family members are helpless to do anything about it. Over time the illness re-emerges. A major challenge that affects recovery from illness is the patient’s low ability to recognize his or her illness. How to improve the ability of schizophrenic patients to recognize their illness is a major problem not only for patients, but also for doctors. Perhaps the very onset of the illness destroys the patient’s ability to properly recognize himself or herself, and this ability to recognize oneself cannot be restored? In psychiatric clinical practice, physicians also recognize that restoration of the patient’s self-knowledge is the most difficult and cannot be restored by medication alone, nor in the short term. The impairment of cognition in schizophrenic patients is related to the patient’s pre-morbid personality base, the urgency of the onset of the illness, the severity of the illness, the age at the onset stage, the duration of the illness at the time of consultation, the timeliness of treatment, the patient’s response to therapeutic medications, and the thoroughness or otherwise of the control of symptoms. Such a complex set of influencing factors is of course very difficult to control and grasp, and in many cases, parents or doctors can do nothing about it. The personality before the disease is innate and cannot be changed by the parents. The treatment process and the response to the effect of treatment are also beyond subjective efforts. What we can do and what is most important is: early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment.