Laparoscopic surgery is a procedure called laparoscopy in which three small 5-10 mm incisions are made in the abdominal wall to allow medical devices to access the inside of the abdominal cavity for diagnosis and treatment of the lesion. The laparoscope is an instrument with a miniature camera lens, somewhat similar to an endoscope, and can be connected to a TV surveillance screen, except that the laparoscope is a straight, hard mirror. First, a small 1 cm incision is made in the umbilicus, a puncture needle is inserted into the abdominal cavity, then carbon dioxide gas is fed into the abdominal cavity to establish a pneumoperitoneum, a trocar is inserted through the incision, and the laparoscopic camera is inserted into the abdominal cavity for exploration, first to observe the abdominal or pelvic organs for lesions and to determine the surgical approach. Depending on the location of the lesion and the need for surgery, two to four small incisions are then made in other areas and the corresponding instruments are used to remove the diseased organ under laparoscopic surveillance. With the development of technology, most of the surgeries in the gastrointestinal tract and gynecological reproductive system can now be done laparoscopically. Since the laparoscopic camera has a magnifying effect, it can clearly display the fine structure of the tissues in the body, which gives a clearer view compared with traditional open surgery, thus making the surgery more accurate and delicate and effectively avoiding unnecessary interference with the organs outside the surgical site. The laparoscopic surgery is performed in a closed abdominopelvic cavity, so the interference with the internal environment is minimal and the trauma suffered by the patient is much less than that of open surgery. Laparoscopic surgery has the advantages of less trauma, faster postoperative recovery and shorter hospital stay, which is popular among doctors and patients, and is also the future direction of surgical development.