Thyroiditis and hyperthyroidism are different diseases of the thyroid gland and can be distinguished from each other in terms of etiology, symptoms, ancillary tests, and treatment. For example, thyroiditis is an inflammatory disease of the thyroid gland, with pain and enlargement of the thyroid gland, often with a self-limiting course. Hyperthyroidism is a thyrotoxicosis caused by an excess of thyroid hormones, with symptoms such as agitation, agitation, palpitations and other symptoms, and requires antithyroid treatment. Thyroiditis is an inflammatory disease of the thyroid gland, which can be associated with viral infections such as subacute thyroiditis or autoimmune such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. There may be pain and enlargement of the thyroid gland, and transient thyrotoxicosis such as fever and tachycardia may occur. In the later stages of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, there may be hypothyroidism such as chills, fatigue, swelling of the hands and feet, and less sweating. Hyperthyroidism is a thyrotoxicosis caused by the thyroid gland itself producing too much thyroid hormone, which may manifest as agitation, irritability, palpitation, fear of heat, excessive sweating, loss of weight, hyperphagia, increased stools or diarrhea, etc. The thyroid gland may be diffusely enlarged without pressure pain, and there may be protruding eyes. From the auxiliary examination, subacute thyroiditis is preceded by an increase in thyroid hormone level, but the iodine uptake rate is decreased, and the subsequent thyroid hormone and iodine uptake function is gradually restored. Hyperthyroidism tests may reveal an increase in blood thyroid hormone and a decrease in thyrotropin. In terms of treatment, subthyroiditis usually has a self-limiting course and can be treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen and prednisone as appropriate. Hyperthyroidism can be treated with antithyroid medication, or in the case of poor results, with radioiodine therapy or surgery. Seek medical attention if you feel unwell.