When an individual is suspected to have novel pneumonia, a specimen of the patient’s respiratory tract or blood will need to be collected by a doctor for nucleic acid testing of the novel coronavirus. When an individual is identified as a suspected case by a doctor, the hospital will make a direct report to the network within 2 hours and transfer him/her to a designated hospital with a special vehicle. According to the severity of the disease, the place of treatment will be determined 1. Suspected and confirmed cases will be treated in isolation in the sentinel hospitals with effective isolation conditions and protection, in which the suspected cases will be treated in a single isolation room, and confirmed cases can be treated by multiple people in the same ward; 2. Critical cases will be transferred to the ICU as soon as possible for treatment; (Novel Coronaviruses) Basic treatments 1. The patient needs to be bedridden and rested, and through supportive therapy The doctor will closely monitor the patient’s vital signs, and according to the condition of the patient, monitor the blood routine, urine routine, CRP, biochemical indexes (liver enzymes, cardiac enzymes, renal function, etc.), coagulation function, and, if necessary, will carry out the arterial blood gas analysis, and review the patient’s thoracic imaging; 3, according to the change of the patient’s oxygen saturation level, the doctor will give patients effective oxygen therapy, including nasal therapy, and the patient will be transferred to the ICU as soon as possible. According to the change of oxygen saturation, the doctor will give the patient effective oxygen therapy in time, including nasal catheter, mask oxygenation, if necessary, transnasal high-flow oxygen therapy, non-invasive or invasive mechanical ventilation, etc.; 4. The doctor can try α-interferon nebulized inhalation, lopinavir/ritonavir, etc. for anti-viral therapy; 5. The doctor will try to avoid blindly or inappropriately using antimicrobials in antibacterial drug therapy, and will not use broad-spectrum antimicrobial drugs, and use antimicrobial drugs promptly when there are secondary bacterial infections. bacterial infections, and use antimicrobial drugs in a timely manner. Treatment of severe and critical cases 1. Doctors will actively prevent and treat complications and underlying diseases on the basis of symptomatic treatment, prevent secondary infections, and provide timely organ function support; 2. Doctors can provide respiratory support to patients. When the patient’s condition does not improve after 2 hours of noninvasive mechanical ventilation, or when there is intolerance of noninvasive ventilation, increased airway secretions, violent coughing, or hemodynamic instability, invasive mechanical ventilation needs to be used in a timely manner to reduce ventilator-associated lung injury. Necessary also need to take prone position ventilation, pulmonary reexpansion or extracorporeal membrane pulmonary oxygenation (ECMO), etc.; 3. Doctors will use vasoactive drugs to improve microcirculation on the basis of patients with adequate fluid resuscitation, and hemodynamic monitoring if necessary. (Zhong Nanshan remote consultation for patients with severe pneumonia) Other therapeutic measures After ensuring the basic treatment, doctors can also use glucocorticoids for a short period of time, as appropriate, according to the degree of respiratory distress and the progress of chest imaging; use intestinal micro-ecological regulators to maintain the micro-ecological balance of the intestinal tract to prevent secondary bacterial infections; consider plasmapheresis during the recovery period if possible; provide psychological counseling to patients who are anxious and fearful. For patients with anxiety and fear, psychological counseling should be provided. In the category of Chinese medicine epidemic disease, the cause of the new pneumonia is the body’s feeling of epidemic hostile qi. During the observation period, suspected cases can use Huo Xiang Zheng Qi capsule to relieve fatigue and gastrointestinal discomfort, and solve the fatigue and fever with drugs such as Golden Flower Clear Feeling Pellet, Lianhua Qingdian Capsule (Pellet), and Shuo Feng Xie Du Capsule. If a patient is diagnosed, doctors in different regions will determine the treatment plan and carry out evidence-based treatment according to the condition, local climatic characteristics, and the patient’s different body qualities. (On the afternoon of January 29, a 78-year-old patient with pneumonia infected by novel coronavirus recovered and was discharged from the hospital.) What conditions allow for discharge Patients can be discharged from the hospital or transferred to other departments according to their conditions when the following manifestations are present: 1) the patient’s temperature returns to normal for more than 3 days; 2) the respiratory symptoms improve significantly; 3) two consecutive negative respiratory pathogen nucleic acid tests are performed with at least one day’s interval between the samples taken. Source: Dr. Yurai Reference: Office of the National Health Commission Office of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine “Diagnostic and treatment program for pneumonia with novel coronavirus infection (Trial implementation of the fourth edition)”.