Causes of cough in babies.
I. The clinical features and diagnostic clues of post-infectious cough are.
1. a clear recent history of respiratory tract infection
2. a cough that is irritatingly dry or accompanied by a small amount of white mucous sputum
3. no abnormalities on X-ray chest examination
4. normal pulmonary ventilation function.
5. the cough is usually self-limiting.
6. Except for other causes of chronic cough. If the cough lasts longer than 8 weeks, other diagnoses should be considered. (especially in some small infants presenting after a cold)
II. The clinical features and diagnostic clues of postnasal drip syndrome are
1. chronic cough with or without coughing sputum, which is worse in the early morning or when the position is changed, often accompanied by nasal congestion, runny nose, dry throat with foreign body sensation, repeated clearing of the throat, feeling of mucus adherence to the posterior pharyngeal wall, and a few children complaining of headache, dizziness, and low-grade fever.
2, examination of the sinus area may have pressure pain, the sinus opening can be seen yellow-white secretion outflow, the posterior pharyngeal wall follicles obviously hyperplasia, cobblestone-like, sometimes can be seen in the posterior pharyngeal wall mucus-like adhesion.
3, targeted treatment, such as antihistamines and leukotriene receptor antagonists, nasal glucocorticoids, etc. effective.
4, sinusitis, sinus X-ray or CT film can be seen in the corresponding changes.
The clinical features and diagnostic clues of cough variant asthma are
1. a cough lasting >4 weeks, often attacking or worsening at night and/or early in the morning, with a predominantly dry cough.
2. absence of clinical signs of infection or ineffectiveness of prolonged antibiotic treatment.
3. Diagnostic treatment with anti-asthmatic drugs such as bronchodilators is effective.
4. exclusion of other causes of chronic cough.
5, positive bronchial excitation test and/or peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) daily variability (continuous monitoring for 1 to 2 weeks) ≥ 20%.
6, personal and/or first- or second-degree relatives with a history of atopic disease or positive allergen testing. The above 1 ~ 4 items are the basic conditions for diagnosis.
IV. The clinical features and diagnostic clues of GERD cough are
1. paroxysmal cough, sometimes severe, occurring mostly at night.
2. symptoms appear mostly after eating and drinking, with difficulty in feeding, and some children are accompanied by discomfort in the upper abdomen or under the glabella, burning sensation behind the sternum, chest pain, and sore throat.
3. in addition to causing coughing, infants may also suffer from asphyxia, bradycardia and an arched back
4. It can lead to stagnant or delayed growth and development of the affected children.
V. The clinical features and diagnostic clues of eosinophilic bronchitis are
1. chronic irritant cough.
2. normal X-ray chest radiographs.
3, normal pulmonary ventilation without airway hyperresponsiveness.
4, relative percentage of eosinophils in sputum ≥ 2.5%.
5, oral or inhaled glucocorticoid therapy is effective.
VI. The clinical features and diagnostic clues of psychogenic cough are.
1. prevalence in older children.
2. a predominantly daytime cough that disappears when focused on an event or at rest at night
3. often accompanied by symptoms of anxiety
4. No organic disease is associated with it and other causes of chronic cough are excluded.
Another type of cough is clearing the throat which cannot be interpreted as a cough alone. The child has no signs of respiratory infection and is accompanied by blinking, shrugging, putting the nose, and is associated with tics.