Esophageal cancer is a common malignant tumor, mostly occurring above 40 years of age, and most of the pathological types are squamous carcinoma and some are adenocarcinoma. Diagnostic points: 1. early choking sensation of swallowing food, pinprick-like pain or burning sensation behind the sternum. The diagnosis of esophageal carcinoma can be made in the early stage with a sensation of choking, pinching pain or burning sensation behind the sternum, followed by progressive dysphagia. 2. progressive wasting. 3. x-ray examination shows broken esophageal mucosal folds, limited stiffness, filling defects, and esophageal lumen narrowing or obstruction in the advanced stage. Esophagoscopy can detect lesions and biopsy can be taken to find cancer cells. Treatment principle: Esophageal cancer should be detected, diagnosed and treated as early as possible. Treatment methods: 1. Radical esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. 2.Integrated application of radiotherapy and surgical therapy. 3.Simple radiotherapy for those who are contraindicated to surgery. 4.Surgery for upper esophageal cancer is complicated and radiotherapy is mostly used. 5.Pharmacological treatment: applying traditional Chinese medicine and anti-cancer drugs to relieve the symptoms of advanced patients. 6.Esophageal stenting can temporarily relieve feeding difficulties.