The preventive drugs for tuberculosis are divided into two main categories: one is the first BCG vaccination for infants at birth, which is a vaccine and is ideal for preventing tuberculous meningitis in children after successful vaccination. The other category is mainly the prevention of chemical drugs, including isoniazid, rifampicin, rifapentine and so on. The main target groups are HIV-infected patients, healthy people who have close contact with sputum smear-positive patients, silicosis patients, diabetic patients, and people who use immunosuppressive drugs or glucocorticoids for a long time. In addition, malnutrition, children and adolescents with tuberculin skin test results of hard nodules with a diameter of more than 15 cm may choose to use these chemicals prophylactically to prevent tuberculosis infection.