Osteoarthritis of the knee joint is a degenerative disease in which the cartilage of the articular surface of the knee joint is degenerated and structurally disturbed, accompanied by subchondral bone growth and cartilage exfoliation, resulting in gradual destruction and deformation of the joint and eventual knee joint dysfunction.
I. Etiology
1. Obesity.
2.Joint trauma.
3, sports.
4. Autoimmune reaction.
5.Hereditary factors.
6.Congenital and acquired deformities.
7.Metabolic or endocrine disorders.
8.Osteoporosis, joint disuse.
9.Neural control disorder.
Clinical manifestations
Walking inconvenience, unfavorable extension and flexion; joint pain; squatting difficulty; playing leg weakness; extension and flexion twisting rattling sound.
Three, diagnosis
1.Joint pain, aggravated after exercise.
2.Joint gumming.
3.Joint flexion and extension are limited.
4.X-ray joint space narrowing, cartilage sclerosis, hyperplasia.
5. Fluid accumulation.
IV. Treatment
Treatment goals.
1.To relieve pain, improve function and reduce disability.
2.Prevent further damage.
3.Health education.
Drug treatment.
1.Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, diclofenac sodium, loxoprofen sodium, etc.
2.Oral drugs: diphenhydramine, chondroitin sulfate, glucosamine sulfate.
3.Topical drugs. Creams and emulsions.
4.Intra-articular injection of sodium vitrate.
5.Cytokines, gene therapy and traditional Chinese medicine treatment.
Surgical treatment: joint cleanup; artificial knee replacement.