The incidence rate (crude rate) of lung cancer in China is 57.3 per 100,000, and it is recommended that the general population should take good personal protection and have regular medical checkups. The incidence rate of lung cancer in China is located in the first place of all cancers at present, and the number of lung cancer incidence in China accounts for 37.0% of the world. The most common cause of lung cancer is smoking, followed by environmental pollution, such as atmospheric pollution, cooking fumes, and so on. In addition, some patients with chronic lung diseases, such as chronic bronchitis, tuberculosis, diffuse interstitial fibrosis, etc., have a higher incidence rate of lung cancer compared with others. It is recommended that the general population take preventive measures, such as quitting smoking, not inhaling second-hand smoke, raising awareness of the health hazards of smoking, and reducing the production of cooking fumes. To prevent lung diseases, we should pay attention to strengthening the prevention of tuberculosis and emphasize on routine medical checkups, so as to achieve early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment.