With the progress of society and the improvement of people’s living standards, people’s demand for health is increasing and they pay more and more attention to medical checkups. The annual routine physical examination has become the patron saint of people’s health. It is because of comprehensive and standardized medical checkups that many diseases are diagnosed and treated early, which greatly improves the treatment effect, reduces medical costs and improves people’s quality of life. Thyroid nodules are highly morbid and common, with a prevalence of up to 15-30% in the medical check-up population, most of which do not require surgical treatment. By improving diet and optimizing lifestyle habits, thyroid nodules in some patients can not progress or even get better. However, some patients must be treated with early surgery to avoid delaying the disease. The clinical indications for surgery are: diameter greater than or equal to 15 mm; uneven texture, solid or cystic; unclear borders, abundant blood flow; complicated by calcification; local pressure symptoms, such as hoarseness, dyspnea, dysphagia; malignancy cannot be excluded; combined with hyperthyroidism; and retrosternal goiter. Why do thyroid nodules complicated by calcification need to be taken seriously? The reason is that calcification is less common in benign thyroid diseases and is usually due to inflammation, hematoma absorption, calcification of the nodule wall or calcification of the fibrous septum. In contrast, the total calcification rate of malignant thyroid tumors is 37%~75.7%. Calcification in the center of thyroid malignant tumors is due to rapid growth of cancer cells and proliferation of tumor blood vessels and fibrous tissue, which leads to calcification. At present, the treatment of thyroid cancer is still mainly surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are not sensitive, and there is no sensitive oral medicine, so early diagnosis and treatment are especially important. We have encountered many cases of thyroid nodules less than 10mm in diameter with coarse or fine sand-like calcification foci, which were confirmed to be thyroid cancer by surgery and pathological section. Therefore, many people and even some health care professionals mistakenly believe that small thyroid nodules are necessarily safe and do not require treatment. This view is wrong. For small thyroid nodules with uneven texture, unclear borders, and concomitant calcifications, it is easy to ignore and delay the disease, so it is important to actively treat them. If malignancy cannot be excluded, it should be taken seriously.