Brain disorders are caused by lesions in the brain that result in corresponding neurological deficits in the patient. For brain diseases, it can be seen as cerebrovascular diseases or intracranial infectious diseases. For cerebrovascular diseases, it is more common to see cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, transient ischemic attack, and hypertensive encephalopathy or intracranial vascular malformation. Intracranial infectious diseases can be seen in encephalitis, meningitis, etc. Brain diseases can also be seen in intracranial tumors, such as primary tumors or metastases, as well as cranial injuries, trauma-induced cerebral contusions, concussions, etc., which are all brain diseases. There are also rare brain diseases such as extrapyramidal diseases, Parkinson’s disease, chorea or demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, which are more common in clinical practice. There are also degenerative brain diseases, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple system atrophy, and genetic diseases of the nervous system, all of which are brain disorders. Each brain disease has its own clinical symptoms and characteristics, among which brain diseases are particularly prone to ischemic and hypoxic changes, such as toxic encephalopathy, food poisoning, drug poisoning, and carbon monoxide poisoning.