SLE is the most severe type of lupus erythematosus, which is a connective tissue disease or autoimmune disease. In addition to the facial lesions, SLE can involve all systems of the body. Systemic symptoms are mainly fever, weight loss, and varying degrees of malaise. Skin and mucous membranes manifest as butterfly-shaped erythema on the face, cheeks, and nasal bridge, perineural erythema, or diffuse alopecia, and photosensitivity. Visceral damage may occur before or after skin damage, with the kidneys being the most severely affected and may be the earliest manifestation, manifesting as nephritis or nephrotic syndrome. Cardiovascular involvement can occur throughout the heart, including pericarditis, myocarditis, endocarditis, diastolic insufficiency, tachycardia, and heart failure. Pulmonary manifestations may include bilateral or unilateral pleurisy, small amounts of pleural effusion, and dyspnea. The nervous system can involve the central and peripheral nerves, with central nervous system invasion more common, manifesting as various neuropsychiatric symptoms. Hematologic involvement is also common, mainly manifesting as a decrease in white blood cells or platelets.