1, hypertensive nephropathy: benign small artery nephrosclerosis (also known as hypertensive renal arteriosclerosis) and malignant small artery nephrosclerosis caused by primary hypertension. Initially asymptomatic, can also appear increased nocturia, generally no edema, patients mostly due to the combination of heart failure, infection, anemia to seek medical attention, found when already into the uremic phase, accounting for one-fifth of the hemodialysis patients. 2. Stages of hypertensive nephropathy: Stage I – microalbuminuria stage; Stage II – clinical proteinuria stage: characterized by positive urine routine protein, 24h urine protein quantification >0.5g, and normal renal function. Stage III-renal insufficiency stage: characterized by decreasing Ccr and increasing SCr. Divided into non-dialysis phase and dialysis phase (uremic phase). 3, treatment and preventive measures: maintain good mood, lose weight, limit salt, limit alcohol, practice qigong and tai chi, appropriate physical exercise, etc. Select antihypertensive drug treatment. Patients with malignant small renal artery sclerosis should seek medical attention as soon as possible if their kidney function deteriorates rapidly within a short period of time. In case of concomitant hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus and hyperuricemia, corresponding treatments such as lipid-lowering, glucose-lowering, uric acid-lowering and anticoagulation should be applied at the same time. Non-dialysis treatment and replacement therapy should also be given when there is renal insufficiency. Chinese medicine treatment includes tonics, Chinese medicine colon dialysis, Chinese medicine tea (chrysanthemum tea, hawthorn tea, lotus leaf tea, acacia flower tea, shouwu tea, kudzu tea, lotus heart tea, cassia seed tea, mulberry tea, cornus tea, etc.).