The late stage of myelodysplastic syndromes means that the treatment is ineffective, the disease continues to progress and reaches the clinical end stage, and the clinical manifestations include symptoms such as severe anemia, hematuria, etc. Some of the patients will have infectious symptoms such as lung infection, and there is a possibility of regression to acute leukemia and so on. 1. Severe anemia symptoms: manifested as severe pallor, headache, dizziness, panic and chest tightness, mental fatigue, general weakness and other symptoms. 2. Bleeding symptoms: most of the patients will show bleeding spots and petechiae on the skin and mucous membranes, as well as bleeding from the nose and gums, hematuria, black stools and other symptoms. 3. Symptoms of infection: some patients will show symptoms of fever, and usually the patient’s body temperature is above 39℃. If the lungs are infected, symptoms such as cough, sputum, chest tightness and chest pain will occur. 4. Deterioration: A few patients will be transformed into acute leukemia, which can be treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation if the patient is younger than 55 years old. When patients with myelodysplastic syndromes are in the terminal clinical stage, only salvage allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation can be performed, and the treatment should be carried out carefully. Medication should be administered under the supervision of a physician.