I. Limitations of traditional technology Before the advent of interventional disc therapy, open surgery was the only effective means of treating severe disc herniation, and interventional therapy introduced the concept of minimally invasive disc herniation treatment. The currently available interventional methods include collagenase lysis, percutaneous excision and suction, laser vaporization (PLDD), plasma pulpal nucleoplasty, ozone, and radiofrequency ablation. However, all the above methods are indirect decompression, only for some cases of inclusive protrusion, cannot completely remove the diseased nucleus pulposus, especially the tissue compressing the nerve, cannot repair the broken fiber ring, and the necrotic tissue needs to be naturally absorbed by the body, with a high recurrence rate. The development of posterior discoscopy in the mid-1990s has advanced the concept of minimally invasive surgery, and minimally invasive technology is definitely the direction of development of surgery. The emergence of “intervertebral foraminoscopy” has brought the minimally invasive treatment of disc herniation to a whole new level, which is the most minimally invasive, safe and economical technology; at the same time, this technology is still under rapid development, and has been extensively applied to artificial disc and artificial nucleus pulposus replacement, foraminoscopic fusion with percutaneous technology for internal The clinical efficacy and academic value have attracted more and more orthopedic surgeons to focus on the expansion of this technology. In cases of simple disc herniation and partial prolapse, the In-Out technique is used to enter the disc through the safety triangle, remove the diseased nucleus pulposus and then retreat outside the intervertebral foramen to remove the prolapsed fragments; in cases of central herniation and compression of the spinal canal beyond the superior articular eminence line, the distal lateral horizontal approach is used to directly remove the herniated tissue; in cases of free type, hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum, calcification, spinal stenosis In cases of free type, ligamentum flavum hypertrophy, calcification, spinal stenosis, neural foramen stenosis, etc., an intravertebral foraminal approach is used to remove all kinds of diseased soft tissues and clean up bone. Summary of the advantages of intervertebral foraminoscopy technology: 1. Minimally invasive The target area is reached through a lateral approach, avoiding interference with the spinal canal and nerves by traditional posterior surgery, without biting off the vertebral plate, without destroying the paravertebral muscles and ligaments, and without affecting the stability of the spine. 2.Direct purpose The surgical effect is consistent with the gold standard of disc surgery – microscopic discectomy; 3.Wide indications Can deal with almost all types of disc herniation, some spinal stenosis, foraminal stenosis, calcification and other bony lesions. It can treat discogenic pain by using special radiofrequency electrodes under the scope, which can shape the fiber ring and block the annular nerve branches. 4.Low complications Small trauma, low chance of forming thrombosis and infection; no scar left in the posterior important structures after surgery, causing adhesions of the spinal canal and nerves. 5, high safety local anesthesia, intraoperative interaction with the patient, without injury to nerves and blood vessels; basically no bleeding, clear surgical vision, greatly reducing the risk of misuse; 6, fast recovery the next day after surgery can be down to the ground activities, an average of 3-6 weeks to resume normal work and physical exercise. 7.High patient satisfaction Immediate pain relief, self-care of urine and stool, simple care, oral antibiotics can be, feasible outpatient surgery; skin incision is only 7mm, in line with the aesthetic point of view. 8.Wide extension Combined with percutaneous fixation technology, the fusion and fixation of spinal slippage and instability can be completed in a minimally invasive manner; this basic platform can be easily extended to cervical disc endoscopic surgery.