Recently, I met a patient in his 30s, 1 year after lumbar spine surgery, with low back pain with bilateral lower extremity pain, which seriously affects his life and work. Thinking back to previous patients of this type, it is necessary to introduce the knowledge about this type of disease today. Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) refers to the recurrence of pain that persists or disappears for a period of time after surgery for lumbosacral spine disease. FBSS occurs in up to 10-40% of patients after lumbar spine surgery. Lower lumbar spine surgery is a common type of surgery in clinical practice. In such patients, preoperative information about the benefits and possible risks of surgery should be provided. And this can occur not only in failed lumbar spine surgery, but sometimes even in successful surgery. This may seem contradictory, but here successful surgery simply means that the surgery was done correctly, which is only one of the factors, as in the case of a patient with a lumbar disc herniation in which the herniated nucleus pulposus was surgically removed and the surgery was done correctly, but the patient continues to have postoperative pain, i.e., this is the case. Possible causes of FBSS 1. improper case selection; 2. scar formation at the surgical site; 3. recurrence of symptoms at the surgical site; 4. similar symptoms due to disease in other parts of the spine; 5. incorrect diagnosis at the time of surgery; 6. wrong surgical site/segment; 7. surgical complications such as nerve damage or infection; 8. non-microbiologically induced treatment disease; 9. fusion failure or failure of the internal fixation; 10. disease Process change.