Cryptorchidism, or incomplete testicular descent, is a common condition in young boys. When parents find that their little boy’s balls are not felt in the scrotum, either on one side or both sides, they need to be alert to the possibility that their child has cryptorchidism and need to see a pediatric urologist for examination and consultation. The clinical manifestation of cryptorchidism is that the scrotum is empty and the testicles cannot descend into the scrotum. Sometimes it can be combined with inguinal hernia or syringomyelia, which is manifested as inguinal mass. Cryptorchidism still has great dangers, as abnormal testicular position will affect testicular development, the associated hiatal hernia may lead to impaction, cryptorchidism may also occur testicular torsion and so on. Most of the cases of cryptorchidism need to be treated surgically by testicular descent and fixation. Fortunately, except for a few cases where the testicle is really high, most children with cryptorchidism can have their testicles lowered into the scrotum through surgery. Hormone therapy can also be applied before or after surgery. In China, the most common application of chorionic gonadotropin is intramuscular injection, which is beneficial to testicular position and testicular development. The age of cryptorchid surgery is generally considered to be between 1 and 2 years old. Before waiting for surgery, although it does not happen often, it is necessary to be alert to the occurrence of emergency situations such as inguinal hernia entrapment or testicular torsion. If children find abnormalities such as redness, swelling and pain in the scrotum of the affected side of the groin, they need to go to the hospital in time.