Squamous carcinoma of anal canal can be treated by surgical resection, together with radiotherapy, chemotherapy and traditional Chinese medicine. Drugs should be applied under doctor’s instruction.
Anal canal squamous carcinoma is a kind of malignant tumor in anal canal, originated from epithelial tissue in anal canal. It is mainly related to HPV infection, AIDS infection, unclean sex and other long-term stimulation of inflammation. It manifests as increased frequency of bowel movement, anal pain, difficulty in defecation, anal swelling and blood in stool.
For squamous carcinoma of anal canal, clinicians need to choose appropriate treatment according to the patient’s age, the type of lesion and the situation of spreading and metastasis.
1. Early stage squamous carcinoma of anal canal can be given local excision and chemotherapy or radiotherapy after operation.
2. If the disease develops further, anal canal squamous carcinoma should be treated by radical resection, removing the whole anal canal and the corresponding lymph nodes, and then chemotherapy or radiotherapy or traditional Chinese medicine can be given after operation. It is not recommended if the patient is of high age, has poor physical condition, bad liver and kidney function, bad heart and lung function.
3. For advanced squamous carcinoma of anal canal with diffusion and metastasis in surrounding organs, surgery is generally not recommended. If there is obstruction or a lot of blood in stool, palliative surgery can be performed, and chemotherapy and local radiotherapy or combination of traditional Chinese medicine can be given.
4. Other treatments, such as targeted therapy, immunotherapy, biotherapy, etc., can be chosen according to the patient’s stage of disease, age and economic status to determine the best treatment plan.
Patients with squamous carcinoma of anal canal should be evaluated comprehensively as to how to treat it and whether to operate or not. It is recommended to develop good living habits, eat a light diet, avoid spicy and stimulating food, keep the perianal area clean, exercise properly, and enhance autoimmunity.