The relationship between salt and kidney disease is a double-edged sword. The main component of salt is sodium ion, which is an important element essential for the normal physiological metabolism of human cells. Low salt intake can cause cellular dysfunction, resulting in abnormal metabolism and function of many organs in the body. The effect on the heart muscle is weak contraction and signaling abnormalities, which results in chest tightness, shortness of breath, arrhythmia and low blood pressure; intestinal muscle dysfunction will appear bloating and indigestion; the effect on the skeletal muscle is manifested as weakness and dyskinesia. There is a type of “salt-loss nephropathy” caused by the failure of sodium reabsorption in the kidneys, whose clinical symptoms are the dysfunctions of the organs mentioned above. Nonetheless, the diseases we see most often caused by eating too much salt are hypertension, kidney disease, gout, kidney stones and osteoporosis, etc. Their effects on the human body are more common than the damage caused by low salt, and the damage is greater and less attention is paid to it. Excessive salt is very common in China, the internationally renowned medical journal “Journal of the American Medical Association” (JAMA) pointed out that: in 2002, China’s per capita daily intake of 12 grams of salt, 2009 ~ 2012 per capita daily salt and sodium intake than the previous decline, but still greater than the recommended maximum daily intake of 5 grams of salt and maximum sodium intake of 2 grams. “The U.S. Dietary Guidelines for Adults recommend 2.3 grams of sodium/day for the average adult individual; however, individuals with chronic kidney disease, hypertension, diabetes, or those older than 50 years of age should be limited to 1.5 grams of sodium/day. Both sodium salt and potassium salt have to be excreted by the kidneys, long-term overconsumption of sodium salt will cause an increase in the workload of the kidneys, stimulate complex metabolic reactions in the body, and aggravate the sodium excretion load of the kidneys, and this process will cause a decrease in the re-attraction of calcium or its direct deposition in the renal tissues, with the former causing osteoporosis, and the latter inducing renal calculi. More importantly, long-term excess salt can cause the accumulation of water in the body, and promote the thickening of blood vessels, both of which can lead to hypertension and vascular sclerosis. These factors, in turn, directly cause the heart’s workload to increase, leading to heart enlargement, if this phenomenon is not controlled in time, will inevitably appear hypertension, renal failure, coronary heart disease, heart attack, cerebral hemorrhage or cerebral infarction and other life-threatening diseases. The problem now is that many people do not recognize the harm that a high sodium diet can do to the human body, or they have already recognized this problem, but for a while they can’t change this dietary habit that they have developed over the years. Due to the strong compensatory ability of the kidneys to discharge sodium, high salt diet on the human body is not easy to be detected in the early stages of the damage, once the heart, kidneys, brain and other important organs found to be damaged and then take targeted therapeutic measures have been late also. Therefore, the scientific and reasonable grasp of the amount of salt from children and healthy people to start. Recently, a systematic evaluation study confirmed: as long as the reduction of dietary salt intake can economically and effectively reduce hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease, reduce proteinuria by 20% to 50%. In the United Kingdom, a 15% reduction in sodium intake from 2003 to 2011 was associated with a decrease in blood pressure and a nearly 40% decrease in the incidence of ischemic heart disease and stroke. On how to grasp the amount of salt I have spoken many times in previous articles, here to emphasize the following points: 1, in daily life, in addition to pay attention to the control of visible salt, but also pay attention to the food in the “hidden salt” and sodium content. Sodium is contained in table salt, and sodium is also contained in condiments. Soy sauce, pickled foods contain salt, such as 20 ml of soy sauce contains 3 grams of salt, 10 grams of soy sauce contains 1.5 grams of salt; there are a lot of food to eat and do not feel salty food, in fact, contain a lot of sodium, such as common potato chips, melon seeds, sausage, luncheon meat, roasted chicken and other cooked foods, frozen foods, canned foods and instant noodles, etc.. In addition, monosodium glutamate (MSG), ketchup, sweet pasta sauce, etc., are also “sodium-containing households”. Therefore, patients with kidney disease should pay attention to the sodium content on the label, should try to eat less of this kind of food, if eat, must pay attention to reduce the salt intake in the meal. 2, change the cooking method. For patients with kidney disease and unsatisfactory blood pressure control can change the cooking method from frying to boiling, and the dish is rationed to add a reasonable amount of salt before consumption. Due to the fact that the salt (sodium) intake of our countrymen is seriously over the limit, and there is a serious lack of awareness, which directly leads to the high incidence of kidney disease, cardiovascular disease and cerebral septic shock in our country. We would like to re-emphasize that for the majority of patients with kidney disease and hypertension, as well as those with hypertension and a family history of kidney disease or cerebrovascular disease, we must pay attention to changing our lifestyle habits, limiting salt intake and consuming salt according to healthy standards. Only in this way, it can also be beneficial to alleviate the renal condition, slow down the development of chronic kidney disease, facilitate the control of hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease and reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.