According to the onset and progression of the disease, it can be divided into slowly progressive type and sharply progressive type, with slowly progressive type being more common. (1) Early manifestations: Early stage is mostly asymptomatic, but occasionally the blood pressure is found to increase during physical examination, or after mental tension, emotional excitement or exertion, dizziness, headache, blurred vision, tinnitus, insomnia, weakness, inattention and other symptoms, which may be caused by senior mental dysfunction. In the early stage, the blood pressure is only temporarily elevated, but as the disease progresses, the blood pressure continues to rise and the organs are involved. (B) Brain manifestations: headache and dizziness are common. Mostly triggered by emotional excitement, excessive fatigue, climate change or discontinuation of antihypertensive drugs. Blood pressure rises sharply. Severe headache, visual impairment, nausea, vomiting, convulsions, coma, transient hemiparesis, aphasia, etc. (iii) Cardiac manifestations: In the early stage, cardiac function is compensated and symptoms are not obvious; in the later stage, cardiac function is not compensated and heart failure occurs. (iv) Renal manifestations: long-term hypertension causes small renal artery sclerosis. When the renal function is reduced, it can cause nocturia, polyuria, urine containing protein, tubular and red blood cells. Low urinary concentration function, phenol red excretion and urea contouring disorder. Azotemia and uremia may occur. (v) Arterial changes. (F) Fundus changes. (b) Acute hypertension: also known as malignant hypertension, accounting for 1% of hypertensive disorders, can be suddenly transformed from the slowly progressive type, but also can start. Malignant hypertension can occur at any age, but is most common in the 30-40 age group. Blood pressure is significantly elevated, with diastolic blood pressure mostly above 17.3 Kpa (130 mmHg), with symptoms such as weakness, thirst, and polyuria. Visual acuity decreases rapidly, and there are retinal hemorrhages and exudates in the fundus of the eye, often with bilateral optic nerve papillary edema. Proteinuria, hematuria and renal insufficiency appear rapidly. Heart failure, hypertensive encephalopathy and hypertensive crisis can also occur, and the disease progresses rapidly and most die from uremia. Stages of hypertension: Stage I: blood pressure reaches the level of confirmed hypertension, no clinical signs of heart, brain and kidney damage. Stage 2: Blood pressure reaches the level of confirmed hypertension, and one of the following ① Physical examination, X-ray, electrocardiogram or echocardiogram shows enlarged left ventricle. (ii) Fundus examination with generalized or localized narrowing of the arteries in the fundus. ③Proteinuria or mildly elevated plasma creatinine concentration. Stage III: Blood pressure reaches the level of confirmed hypertension with one of the following; ①Brain hemorrhage or hypertensive encephalopathy. ②Heart failure. ③Renal failure. ④ Bleeding or exudation from the fundus of the eye with or without optic nerve papillary edema. ⑤ angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, cerebral thrombosis.