The distance between schizophrenia and us

        The scientific giant Albert Einstein had two sons, one of whom was a schizophrenic, which did not affect the other who became a brilliant engineer. Of course, the probability of a child becoming ill rises significantly when the parents share schizophrenia. Large-scale surveys are still lacking in China. Beijing Huilongguan Hospital is a city-owned, tertiary-class psychiatric hospital with more than 1,300 beds. Data from 351 patients who participated in the study obtained from the Psychiatric Research Center at Huilongguan Hospital showed that only about one-third of the patients with schizophrenia had a family history of schizophrenia within three generations. The representativeness of this data needs to be verified by larger data due to the sample size. However, this data does at least suggest that schizophrenia is not as highly heritable as we often think. It also suggests that even without a family history of schizophrenia, we may not be immune to schizophrenia.  Because it is not understood, people often associate schizophrenia with violent behavior. It is true that some of those affected are violent, just as some of those who are not schizophrenic are violent. After all, there is no reason to think that the disorder can act as an immunity to violence. Some schizophrenic patients do exhibit violent tendencies and do harm the public. Often the majority of patients who harm the public do not receive effective treatment, or even never receive it. And people with schizophrenia are more likely to harm themselves than they are to harm the public, such as hearing voices that allow them to harm themselves out of hallucinations or choosing to commit suicide out of despair over their illness.  Another large study found that those with schizophrenia who were violent had more behavioral problems in childhood, and that children with more behavioral problems, with or without schizophrenia, were likely to grow up to be more violent. As Thomas R. Insel, then director of the National Institute of Mental Health, stated in 2007, the vast majority of people with schizophrenia are not violent. In other words, there is not enough evidence to suggest that schizophrenia and violence can be closely linked. While media coverage of the 2014 Guangdong bus arson case specifically listed the suspect’s mother as schizophrenic, more similar arson cases do not seem to be associated with schizophrenia.  Moreover, unlike what is often expected, many schizophrenics exhibit some social withdrawal-like behaviors, such as staying at home all day and not leaving the house. It is worth noting that they often appear as objects of harm by the public as opposed to harming the public. For example, on May 28, 2013, China News Network reported a news story titled “Shaanxi Yulin Multiple Old Men Molest Female Mental Illness Hundred People Surrounded Without a Stop,” which documented the unfortunate encounter of an onset schizophrenic patient in full view of the public.  Although the cause is still unclear, schizophrenia is not an incurable disease. Current treatment emphasizes the three early stages, i.e., early detection, early treatment, and early prevention, with the primary goals of reducing clinical symptoms and preventing relapse of the disease. With advances in psychopharmacology and the development of psychotherapy and community-based psychosocial rehabilitation movements, the goal of treatment has expanded to include improving the patient’s functioning so that he or she can live a normal life.  Based on current treatments, about one-third of patients are cured and another third are able to work and study with the help of medications. In other words, most patients are able to work and study normally and live independently. For most patients, the disease itself brings them pain, however, more pain is the discrimination people have about the disease. Many patients and family members carefully conceal their own or their family’s medical history or condition to avoid discrimination or stigma, and even the patient’s spouse may not be aware of it.  Elyn Saks of the University of Southern California, a senior professor at the law school, was diagnosed with schizophrenia when she was in college and has not fully recovered, requiring consistent treatment to maintain her job and life. When she was invited to speak at Ted’s, in addition to her own treatment, she made a point of talking about her “wonderful family” and “wonderful friends” who knew her and knew about her illness, as well as the extremely supportive work environment at USC. The environment is extremely supportive. This demonstrates the role of tolerance and a supportive environment in a patient’s recovery and personal development. John Nash. Nash is a well-known schizophrenic celebrity.  One of the authors once asked graduate students at the Chinese Academy of Sciences to think about this question, “If Nash lived in China, how likely would he be to make those achievements and win the Nobel Prize?” More than 99.9% of the answers were negative. Thus, the response to schizophrenia is not only the active involvement of health care professionals and related researchers, but also our perceptions and attitudes as the “other” that are often overlooked. In Ted’s talk, Professor Elyn Saks said, “There is no schizophrenia per se, there are just a lot of schizophrenics in the world. One of these patients could be your partner, your child, your neighbor, your friend or your colleague.” Attitudes toward the weak are the touchstone of human civilization. Each individual is unique, the very existence of life is a value, and tolerance, love and positive help are priceless.