Neutropenia combined with thrombocytopenia usually requires consideration of hematologic disorders. 1. Neutropenia is usually caused by infections and hematologic disorders, etc.. When the patient has viral or fungal infection, it will stimulate the body to develop neutropenia symptoms, which is a common phenomenon of the immune system. Blood system diseases such as aplastic anemia and myelodysplastic syndrome can also cause neutropenia. 2. Reduced platelet count is usually a secondary phenomenon caused by coagulation disorders or autoimmune diseases, which can also be seen in hematologic diseases such as aplastic anemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, acute leukemia and so on. Meanwhile, when there is infection or serious trauma, it may also stimulate the thrombocytopenia. 3. When neutrophils and platelets decrease at the same time, it is usually necessary to consider hematologic diseases. After the occurrence of abnormal numbers of neutrophils, platelets or other blood components, one should consult a doctor in time to confirm the diagnosis and receive treatment under the guidance of a physician.