Primary thrombocytopenia and myelodysplastic syndromes are usually treated with general therapy, medication, stem cell transplantation, etc. Please follow the doctor’s instructions.
1. Primary thrombocytopenia: commonly used drugs include glucocorticosteroids such as prednisone and gammaglobulin. Second-line treatment includes rituximab and splenectomy.
2. Myelodysplastic syndromes:
(1) General treatment: for patients with hemoglobin >100g/L, neutrophils >1×10^9/L, and PLT >75×10^9/L; and there are no clinical symptoms and no need for blood transfusion, they can be followed up for observation and quality of life assessment.
(2) Drug therapy:
①Hematopoietic treatment, erythropoietin and androgens can be considered, which can improve hematopoietic function in some patients.
② Biological response modifiers, some patients can improve red line hematopoiesis and reduce or get rid of transfusion dependence after receiving thalidomide treatment.
③Demethylating drugs, such as 5-azacitidine and 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine (decitabine), can be applied to MDS patients in the higher risk group, which can reduce the risk of patients’ progression to AML and improve the prognosis.
(4) Combination chemotherapy, such as anthracycline antibiotic Zoerythromycin combined with cytarabine, pre-excitation chemotherapy, or combination of demethylating drugs such as decitabine, can be considered for patients with better physical status and high prokaryotic cells.
(3) Stem cell transplantation: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only possible cure for myelodysplastic syndromes.
It is suggested that patients should consult the doctor in time and follow the doctor’s instructions to standardize the treatment; at the same time, keep an optimistic mindset, pay attention to rest, avoid overwork, and take good protective measures to prevent infections.