According to statistics, 70% of heart attack patients in China die at home or at the scene because they cannot get proper and timely assistance, how alarming such data is. If the heart stops for 20 seconds, the person will lose consciousness; breathing will stop after 1 minute; lack of oxygen will cause irreversible damage to the brain after 4-6 minutes, leading to the death of the patient, so it is very necessary for us to learn some basic first aid skills, let’s take a look together below. 1, acute myocardial infarction Acute myocardial infarction is a common symptom of heart disease, the site of the patient’s pain is the same as angina, the symptoms and consequences are much more serious than angina. Acute myocardial infarction lasts longer, the degree of heavy, the patient absolutely must rest in bed, loosen the collar, keep the room quiet and air circulation. If available, oxygen can be administered. The patient can take 1 tablet of nitroglycerin or 1 to 2 tablets of cardiac pain under the tongue, and call the emergency center immediately. It is worth noting that the patient should not take the bus or help the patient walk to the hospital when the patient has an attack to prevent the condition from worsening. 2.Heart failure Patients with heart failure will suddenly experience respiratory distress. Patients must rest quietly, preferably in a semi-recumbent position, with both feet down, and oxygen can be administered immediately when available. 3, transient shock Patients in transient shock are prone to sudden death if they do not receive oxygen within four minutes, and there is little hope of resuscitation for more than 10 minutes. The patient should be gently laid flat on the bed to increase blood flow, and at the same time, let the patient contain drugs such as cardiac pain or Yi’an Ning pills. Tap the heart rhythmically and forcefully with the fist, 2 to 3 times in a row, lifting the fist 20 to 30 cm away from the chest, so that the heart is stimulated, followed by artificial respiration, and if possible, the patient can be directly put on oxygen. 4, cardiac arrest No matter what the cause of respiratory and cardiac arrest, the patient is in the most critical state of life, is the most in need of emergency assistance. The brain needs a lot of oxygen, after breathing and cardiac arrest, the brain will soon be deprived of oxygen, and half of the brain cells will be damaged within 4 minutes; if the patient can get effective first aid measures within 4 minutes of the disease, the recovery rate is 50%, and these 4 minutes are called the “golden 4 minutes” to save lives. More than 5 minutes to perform CPR, only a quarter of the people may be saved, every minute of delay, the success rate of CPR will drop 7% to 10%, if more than 10 minutes is rarely the hope of recovery. CPR first of all, let the patient lie flat, must be in a hard place, there is no problem on the ground, with a fist rhythmically and forcefully tapping the left inner nipple of the forehead (heart parts), 2 to 3 times in a row, the fist is raised from the chest 20-30 cm, after tapping, the heart is stimulated, sometimes to restore the autonomous beat. Then mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration and chest compressions should be performed immediately, and the circulation should be performed by artificial means, with 2 artificial respirations after every 15 cardiac compressions. Patients should think of ways to save themselves during the onset, a few seconds before the heart stops beating to the point of unconsciousness, and should not hesitate to cough vigorously, as coughing can stimulate the newly stopped heart to resume beating. There are many kinds of heart diseases and the first aid measures for various heart attacks are different. Only by mastering the correct cardiac first aid methods can we save the patient’s life in critical moments.