In the “3rd Epilepsy Neurophysiology・Beijing・Summit (BENS 2014)” held in Beijing Science and Technology Hall on 2014-9-13, Dr. Ren Liankun was invited to give a lecture on the new understanding and progress of interictal discharges in epilepsy. Brain electrophysiological abnormalities are the core elements of epilepsy. And the in-depth study of the characteristics and mechanisms of interictal electrophysiological abnormalities is beneficial to our clinical better diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy, especially for the surgical treatment of drug-refractory epilepsy. In view of the latest international progress in recent years, Dr. Ren Liankun discussed interictal epileptiform discharges and other newly discovered biomarkers from different perspectives, from the molecular level to the overall level, which are of great inspiration for clinical work.