1, percutaneous lumbar diskectomy (PLD) PLD is to remove part of the nucleus pulposus tissue through a small opening in the intervertebral disc fibrous ring, so as to reduce the internal pressure of the disc and relieve the stimulation of nerve roots and nociceptive receptors around the disc, thus achieving the purpose of intra-disc decompression and elimination of symptoms. The mechanism of action is threefold: (1) reduce the contents of the disc; (2) reduce the pressure within the disc; (3) change the direction of the disc protrusion. The advantages of this technique are: high safety, no interference with the spinal canal does not affect the stability of the spine, small trauma, but the selection of indications is the key, limited to the bulging type or contained protrusion type, prolapse type, free type is not suitable. 2, percutaneous puncture cervical and lumbar disc herniation ozone therapy Intradiscal ozone injection for lumbar disc herniation is a new technology developed in China in recent years, but tracing its history, this treatment has been pioneered in Italy in the 1980s, and is still emerging in many European countries. Advantages of ozone therapy: This method not only has the advantages of other minimally invasive interventions such as less trauma, no damage to the normal structure of the spine, fewer complications, less patient pain, better results and faster recovery, but also has the following unique features: (1) ozone can not only effectively reduce the pressure in the intervertebral disc and make the herniation smaller, but also has the effect of eliminating inflammation and reducing pain, which is an incomparable advantage of other minimally invasive treatments; ( (2) Ozone has strong ability to destroy the nucleus pulposus, but has no significant adverse effect on the paravertebral tissues, and ozone is extremely unstable and easily decomposes into steady-state oxygen, so it will not cause secondary pollution and lasting damage to the organ tissue; (3) the operation method is simple, no obvious injury, and the patient suffers little pain; (4) ozone has a sterilizing effect, which can greatly reduce postoperative disc infection; (5) ozone equipment is simple and the technology is easy to master and promote. technology is extremely easy to master and promote. 3, percutaneous puncture low-temperature plasma ablation cervical and lumbar disc nucleoplasty (Coblation Nucleoplasty) low-temperature plasma ablation is through the conductive medium (salt) in the plasma area formed around the electrode highly ionized particles to shatter the molecular chain of organic molecules in the tissue, so that the molecules and molecules separated, fixed ablation after thermal coagulation, so that the disc within the The main component of the intervertebral disc, the elastic fiber spiral structure, is recontracted, thus reducing the volume of the intervertebral disc tissue, and because the current does not flow directly through the tissue, the tissue heats up very little. The low-temperature plasma surgery system has been widely used in recent years in domestic and international fields, and the clinical results have been very good. The use of plasma vaporization, crumpled pulp verification when reducing the pressure within the disc, effectively lifting the protruding nucleus pulposus on the disc surrounding tissue (nerve roots, arteries, spinal cord, etc.) for the purpose of compression, eliminating and relieving clinical symptoms, while maximizing the protection of the annulus fibrosus. 4, percutaneous puncture cervical and lumbar disc herniation ozone therapy Intradiscal ozone injection for lumbar disc herniation is a new technology developed in China in recent years, but tracing its history, this treatment was pioneered in Italy in the 1980s and is still emerging in many European countries. Advantages of ozone therapy: This method not only has the advantages of other minimally invasive interventions such as less trauma, no damage to the normal structure of the spine, fewer complications, less patient pain, better results and faster recovery, but also has the following unique features: (1) ozone can not only effectively reduce the pressure in the intervertebral disc and make the herniation smaller, but also has the effect of eliminating inflammation and reducing pain, which is an incomparable advantage of other minimally invasive treatments; ( (2)Ozone has strong ability to destroy the nucleus pulposus, but has no obvious adverse effect on the paravertebral tissues, and ozone is extremely unstable and easily decomposes into steady-state oxygen, so it will not cause secondary pollution and lasting damage to the organ tissue; (3)The operation method is simple, no obvious injury, and the patient’s pain is light; (4)Ozone has the effect of disinfection and sterilization, which can greatly reduce postoperative disc infection; (5)Ozone equipment is simple and the technology is easy to master and promote. The technology is easy to master and promote. 5, endoscopy-assisted spine surgery technology through a number of skin channels or tiny incisions to reach the spine, the use of optical fiber imaging technology under direct vision for surgical operations. Endoscopic-assisted spine surgery techniques can be divided into thoracic, laparoscopic-assisted and microendoscopic-assisted spine surgery, including percutaneous discoscopy (MED), intervertebral foraminoscopy, etc. 6, percutaneous puncture spine surgery techniques Percutaneous puncture or micro-incision, combined with access techniques and instruments, to perform minimally invasive spine surgery. It is currently the most attention in minimally invasive spine surgery and the most comprehensive development. These include minimally invasive posterior lumbar interbody fusion and minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion techniques, which have significant advantages over open surgery in terms of bleeding, postoperative pain, and length of hospital stay. It is also an important reason why spine patients tend to be attracted to them.