Nerve sheath tumor is a common benign tumor of peripheral nerve, which originates from the nerve sheath, also known as Chewang’s cell tumor, and is more common in the head and neck, flexors of the limbs, and occasionally in the palm of the hand. Some patients may experience radiating pain and numbness along the nerve trunk, with clear borders and eccentric tumors that do not involve the nerve parenchyma, and are slow growing, mostly solitary, occasionally multiple. It should be distinguished from neurofibroma, tenosynovial cyst, lipoma, sclerofibroma, etc. The diagnosis depends on the pathological examination, and the clinical treatment is mainly surgical excision, which is best performed under microscope, paying attention to its relationship with the nerve trunk to avoid damaging the nerve trunk.