After the diagnosis of esophageal cancer is clear, patients need to undergo surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, which will bring different degrees of pain and worries to patients in the process of treatment, and how to take care of and care for patients in the treatment will have a great impact on the recovery of patients and prolong their life. I. Spiritual consolation to overcome the disease and eliminate worries and actively cooperate with the treatment. After the patient learns that he/she is suffering from esophageal cancer, he/she will be under great mental pressure and lose confidence in his/her future life. Patients should be relaxed and should not be anxious and angry because of the difficulty in eating. Family members should give spiritual support and take care of life, and take measures to actively treat the disease. Second, strengthen nutrition and exercise. After patients are admitted to hospital, no matter what treatment method is adopted, the whole body condition is important. Patients with esophageal cancer have greater physiological disturbance after the disease, and their age, cardiopulmonary function, nutritional status and degree of dehydration have all changed to different degrees. Help the patient to exercise, and pay attention to the exercise of deep cough, bed urination and defecation, etc. Third, nursing patience, with medical care treatment, postoperative patient’s family care is very important. The main thing is diet adjustment, mental comfort, and help with appropriate exercise. 3-4 days after surgery, start nasal nutrition solution, get out of bed, under the guidance of medical staff 5-6 times a day, each nasal nutrition solution of about 300 ml, the seventh day after surgery, start to serve a full-flow diet, postoperative diet to strengthen very tedious, for this reason, the family must be patient, careful, close cooperation with medical care treatment. Fourth, improve the patient’s cleanliness and hygiene to prevent postoperative infection. The patient should have good personal hygiene before surgery, change clean clothes and eating utensils. For patients with postoperative anastomotic fistula or other postoperative complications, care and management should be strengthened to prevent cross-infection. Nosocomial infections have many factors and are tricky to treat, so family care and patient care is an important key.