The formation of esophageal cancer is related to mental factors. The book “Suwen Tongjian Xue Xuanshu” says: “If the diaphragm is blocked and closed, and the upper and lower parts are not accessible, then the disease of violent worry is also present.” The evidence of choking and diaphragm described in ancient medical books is similar to the symptoms of esophageal cancer described in modern medicine. The ancients believed that “the evidence of choking and diaphragm must be caused by sorrow, thought, accumulated labor, accumulated depression, or excessive damage from alcohol and sex.” This indicates that mental factors are closely related to the formation and development of this disease. Patients are prone to pessimism and psychological burden because of the progressive swallowing obstruction and retrosternal pain, so medical staff and family members should encourage patients to establish confidence and determination to live, believing in the rapidly changing scientific development, and that today’s incurable diseases may be cured tomorrow, so that patients can maintain an optimistic and positive view of the disease and actively cooperate with Treatment. Some data show that if patients are prone to relapse, survival time is shorter than those who are cheerful and dare to fight with the disease. Some scholars believe that “people who have the confidence to overcome cancer and live tenaciously will have good foci of excitement of hope and expectation in their brains.” This good excitement foci are transmitted to the hormone-related pituitary gland in the lower part of the thalamus, the autonomic nerve center, through the brain’s limbic system, which is an energy center, so that immune activity is enhanced and abnormal cell function is depressed, prompting cancer cells to degenerate. On the contrary, the lack of expectation and belief makes it difficult to stimulate a series of neuroendocrine reactions that inhibit the growth of cancer cells, causing the cancer cells to become dysregulated and the condition to deteriorate. Therefore, patients should establish a correct outlook on life and treat the disease correctly so that the yin and yang can be balanced, which is conducive to health and recovery.